The history of the village of Covenants Ilyich is counted since 1909. Originally began to settle and store the left from Moscow - the Western side (the one where the class-construction cooperative "Covenants Ilyich" is now located). This area was called "Gavrilova Pustose," as it belonged to the Moscow merchant Gavrilov. Before the revolution, there were 10 houses here. After the revolution, the territory gave the old Bolsheviks to build cottages. In 1919, a class-building cooperative was founded here.
Since 1925, the construction of the village himself began. The main developer was the cooperative of the Communications Communications Communication "for the cultural life." Bombed the forest, bought five houses in Eldigino; Built on ul. Cooperative two-story buildings for builders.
The village was built according to plan, which fulfilled teachers of the forest technical school of the village of Pravdinsky A.M. Nikolaenko, A.I. Ovchinnikov and A.V. Vladychuk. Immediately the names were given to the streets: the postal, cooperative, Comintern, etc. The construction of houses deployed organizations: Glavtabak, Headszoloto, People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs, Commons, Dacha -Conal Cooperatives "Sickle and Hammer", "Neftyar", Mospochetamt and others.
Between the railway and postal street at the time there was a forest in which mushrooms were collected, berries. In 1934, cottages began to settle. Among the first settlers there were families of Rublevsky, Salnikov, Sukachevoy, Cosmontkov, Zotov, etc.
In the same year, the old Bolsheviks turned with a petition to M. I. Kalinin with a request to assign the village name "Covenants Ilyich".
Since 1936, the development of the eastern side of the village began. In 1939, the first elections were held in the post. L. N. Rublevsky was elected to the first chairman of the Executive Committee.
In November 1939, in a two-story building, where the builders had previously lived, after the reconstruction of the seven-star seven in the village of the village. A. T. Shurin became the director. In total, this school was 100 students. Up to this point, the children went to the school of the village of Pravdinsky.
In 1943, 180 students were already at school. The Komsomol organization was formed. The first secretary was Valentina Gorlov.
In 1946, for the first time, electricity appeared in the village. Before the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the village was in a dense forest of age-old pines, which gradually, especially during the war, were cut down.
During the war, an ambulance was opened, which was located on Chernyshevsky Street. The first doctor of the ambulance was Arkady Nikolaevich Mezikov.
In 1950-52 The construction of multi-storey brick houses began. Now the whole microdistrict grew here (st. Building and st. Railway). In 1952, a new decade school was built on 280 students. The director became Matvey Abramovich Milkamonovich.
In 1953, the club "Builder" was built, which in 1986 broke and began to build the building of the "Builder".
In 1961, a new secondary school was built on the street. Dzerzhinsky at 520 students. The director was Vasily Gavrilovich Segaev.
When the Great Patriotic War began, many residents of the village went to defend their homeland. About 200 people have not returned from the battlefields.
On September 15, 1966, the Executive Committee (Chairman of the Possob S. I. Pygid and the secretary of Partburo V. F. Tuzikov) decided to establish a monument in the village "Unknown Soldier". The figure of the soldier with a machine gun (sculptor at. A. Dolmatov, height 2, 85 m and weight 6, 5 tons) made by the factory No. 5 of Kaluga. The manufacturer of works on the construction of the monument was a deputy of the Poss. And. Kuksov. The monument was built on July 25, 1967, and his discovery took place on October 15 of the same year.
In 1967-68, a "shopping center" was built in the village. In 1971-72, a dam was built on the Serebryanka River, and was formed after cleaning the reservoir, a beautiful pond. The soil from the reservoir was exported to frighting the swamps, where the gas boiler house is located now, the village and residential buildings on the street. Station.
In the house number 14 on the street. Vokzali was posted posts, a settlement library and a savings ticket office, and in the house No. 11 of the village ambulatory. On Marat's street, there were 12 dilapidated houses of the point, which were demolished, and in their place the organization of Specstroy Russia (P / I 5806) built nine-storey residential buildings, and all 40 families from the housing homes were resettled in comfortable apartments.
In 1984, on the eve of the 40th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, at the initiative of the veterans council, with the active participation of the employees of the military-accounting table of the Pospey, the covenants of Ilyich, the Executive Committee, the Council of Veterans, the village on the personal funds of the relatives of those killed in the Great Patriotic War and residents of the village of Covenant Ilyich A memorial tribune was built and a memorable board was installed with the names of the heroes who fell in battles of 1941-45. The memorial project was performed on public on the chalats by architect V. M. Novak. On May 9, 1984, the memorial died at the monument to the unknown soldier was solemnly opened.
In 1988, the first stage of the building of the "Builder" technique was introduced with a cinema for 500 places (now the House of Culture "Builder").
The villages of Ilyich meets its glorious 65 years in the scaffolding, which means he has a great future. Only here the name of the village somehow today sounds a dissonance of this time. But we must think about it together, just do not rush.
Yuri Timofeev, a native resident of the village of Ilyich
Newspaper "Moscow region Pushkino"
Photo and
"Covenants Ilyich" (or "Lenin Covenants") - a popular expression in Soviet times, which indicated that the Soviet country lives and develops towards its founder by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Sometimes, the latest articles and notes of Lenin were considered as covered, in other cases the discharge of covenants attributed a wider range of works. Some of the Leninsky quotes were particularly popular as covenants, for example: "Learn, learn, learn how the Great Lenin bequeathed." During the democratization, there was a subject of discussion of the covenant of Lenin about the removal of Stalin from the position of the General Gender. It was also discussed that Lenin may have bent completely different, not what the socialist construction was led to. The official propaganda argued that the leaders of the country are clearly followed by the covenants, so they were invariably called "loyal Leninists." Some communist parties (Yugoslavia, China) were criticized for being rejected from Leninsky covers. Already in 1925, a monument to Ilyich's covenants was established in Kiev. During the years of Soviet power, the name "Cape Ilyich" was assigned to a significant number of objects: plants and factories, state farms and collective farms.
Stalinsky and Poststoldinsky period
The concept of "Lenin's covenants" was introduced into the turnover I. V. Stalin, who in speech on the 2nd Congress of Soviets said:
Saying from us, Comrade Lenin bequeathed to us to keep high and keep a great title of party member. I swear to you, Comrade Lenin that we will fulfill this commandment with honor! (...)Saying from us, Comrade Lenin bequeathed to us to keep the unity of our party as Zenitsa Oka. I swear to you, Comrade Lenin, that we will fulfill with honor and this commandment! (...)
Saying from us, Comrade Lenin bequeathed to us to store and strengthen the dictatorship of the proletariat. I swear to you, Comrade Lenin, that we will not spare our forces in order to fulfill with honor and this commandment! (...)
Saying from us, Comrade Lenin bequeathed to us to strengthen all the power of the Union of Workers and Peasants. I swear to you, Comrade Lenin, that we will fulfill with honor and this commandment! (...)
Saying from us, Comrade Lenin bequeathed to us to strengthen and expand the Union of the Republics. I swear to you, Comrade Lenin that we will do with honor and this commandment! (...)
Saying from us, Comrade Lenin bequeathed us loyalty to the principles of communist international. I swear to you, Comrade Lenin that we will not spare your life in order to strengthen and expand the Union of Workers around the world - Communist International! (...)
A year later, Stalin repeated the term in a brief article "Workers and Peasants, perform Ilyich's covenants!":
A year ago, leaving us, the Great Leader and the Workers Teacher, our Lenin, left us the covenants, pointed out the way we should go to the final victory of communism. Perform these covenants Ilyich, workers and peasants! Rise your children in the spirit of these covenants!
Comrade Lenin left us the covenant to strengthen the union of workers and peasants. Strengthen this union, workers and peasants!
Comrade Lenin taught the workers to support the working class in his struggle against the bourgeoisie, internal and external. Remember this covenant, workers and peasants! Maintain the power of the working class building a new life!
Comrade Lenin taught us to hold the banner of the Communist Party, the leader of all oppressed. Rally around this party, workers and peasants - she is your party!
On the day of the anniversary of the death of Ilyich, the party gives the cry - wider the road to a worker and a peasant building with a new life together with the party.
In the post-Leninsky period, the terms "Leninsky course", "Covenants Ilyich" were often used to oppose Lenin and Stalin's methods. At the same time, in later, Soviet times began to call everything that seemed a "democratic", different from "totalitarianism", which was associated with Stalin.
Examples of use
- : Leninsky covenant - attention to children - We carry out. Most recently, a kindergarten was opened with us. The RCP cell a lot of concerns and love put on his organization. Kids feel great in the garden ... you can safely say that these guys get really healthy education by testations Ilyich.
- : We will go, Comrade Lenin, // by your covenants, // True Lenin steps // throughout the light. // and in the native country of the collective farm // grow everywhere. // And you, Comrade Lenin, // will be remembered forever!
- : Loyal testations of Lenin And the instructions of Stalin, the Red Army will switch the boundaries of the aggressor, distributes the enemy with the power of his weapon and the armed hand will help the workers of countries-aggressors to overthrow the capitalist slavery.
- : Underground gasification is Leninism in action, the incarnation of one of the ingenious testament Lenin. On May 4, 1913, a small article of Lenin "One of the great victories of techniques" appeared in the Pravda newspaper. Lenin responded in it on the post of opening a method of direct production of gas from coal reservoirs. In the idea of \u200b\u200bunderground gasification, V. I. Lenin saw the "Giant Technical Revolution", saw the opportunity to "use twice the larger share of the energy consisting of a stone coal ..." "The coup in industry caused by this discovery was predicted by Lenin," will be huge. "
- Valentin Kataev. : Above the coffin of immortal Lenin Stalin gave a great oath to fulfill covenants Ilyich. Above the coffin of the immortal Stalin, we give a great oath to sacter to fulfill his covenants.
- : In the old Priazovskoye village, Peshkovo, from all over the Azov district, you traveled to the young men and girls who ended with high school this year. Why in Peshkov? Yes, because in the collective farm "Covenants Ilyich" The famous Herborob, the Hero of Socialist Labor Fedor Yakovlevich, lives and works.
- The solemn promise of Pioneer of the Soviet Union: "I, (surname, name), entering into the ranks of the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, in the face of his comrades I find solemnly: to love and protect your homeland, live, how did the Great Lenin bequeathedAs the Communist Party teaches how the laws of Pioneers of the Soviet Union are required. "
Popular Cate Covenants
- Learn, learn, learn. The misconception is common that Lenin uttered this phrase on the III All-Russian Congress of the RKSM on October 2, 1920. In fact, even though he spoke in this speech that it was necessary to learn communism, he did not repeat the word "learn" three times. But in the article "The opponent direction in the Russian Social Democracy" (g, published in d), he applied such a repetition:
While the educated society loses interest in honest, illegal literature, among the workers there is a passionate desire for knowledge and to socialism, among the workers are distinguished by real heroes, which - despite the ugly atmosphere of their lives, despite the religious labor work in the factory, - find so many character and willpower to learn, learn and learn and produce conscious social democrats, "working intelligentsia".A similar repetition was made in the article "better less, yes better":
We need to be tasked with anything to update our state apparatus: first - to learn, secondly - to learn and third - learn And then check that the science does not have a dead letter or fashionable phrase (and this, there is nothing to hide sin, we are particularly often) that science really entered the flesh and blood, it turned into a composite element of life and present.In the report on the IV Congress of the Comintern "Five Years of the Russian Revolution and Prospects of the World Revolution", the Word was repeated twice:
... every moment, free from combat activities, from the war, we must use for study and moreover. The whole party and all sections of Russia prove this to their thirst for knowledge. This desire for teaching shows that the most important task for us is now: learn and learn.Learning several times in a row recommended Stalin in speech at the VIII Congress of the WLKSM:
Send your science, to post new frames of Bolsheviks - specialists in all sectors of knowledge, learn, learn, learn Persistently - this is the task now.This phrase dedicated several jokes, such as such. Schoolchildren spend a spiritual session. Called the Spirit of Lenin. Lenin: "Learn, learn, learn!" Schoolchildren: "And so that your spirit is not here!"
- Communism is the Soviet power plus the electrification of the whole country. According to this indication, Ilyich's light bulbs lit throughout Russia. The phrase was told in the speech "Our external and internal situation and the task of the party" at the Moscow Gubernskaya Conference of the RCP (b) of 1920:
Communism is Soviet power plus electrification of the whole countryFor no electrification, it is impossible to raise the industry ... Communism suggests Soviet power as a political authority, which gives the opportunity to the mass of oppressed, whether everything is possible, without this, communism is possible ... This ensures the political party, but the economic can be provided only when indeed in the Russian proletarian state All threads of a large industrial machine, built on the basics of modern techniques, will be focused, and this means electrification, and for this it is necessary to understand the main conditions for the use of electricity and accordingly understand the industry and agriculture.
- Better less yes better.
- Of all the arts for us the most important movie.
V.I. Lenin In conversation with A. V. Lunacharsky in February 1922, "once again stressed the need to establish a certain proportion between fascinating film and scientific." Vladimir Ilyich, writes in his memoirs A. V. Lunacharsky, told me that the production of new films imbued with communist ideas reflecting Soviet reality should be started with the chronicles that, in his opinion, the production time of such films may not yet came. "If you have a good chronicle, serious and educational paintings, it does not matter that there will be any useless tape for attracting the public, more or less than the usual type. Of course, censored is still needed. Counter-revolutionary tapes and immoral should not take place. " To this, Vladimir Ilyich added: "As you feed on your feet thanks to the right household, and maybe, with the general improvement in the position of the country, a well-known loan for this thing, you will need to deploy production wider, and especially to promote healthy cinema in Mass in the city, and even more - in the village ... You must firmly remember that from all the arts for us is the most important cinema "(Soviet cinema No. 1-2, 1933, p. 10).
Full composition of writings. - 5th ed. - T.344. - S.579.
- Trade unions - School of Communism.
Latest work of Lenin
In December 1922, Lenin's health deteriorated sharply. During this period, he, nevertheless, dictated several notes: "Letter to the congress", "On the attachment of legislative functions of state", "On the issue of nationalities or about the" autonomization "," page of the diary "," On cooperation "," About our revolution (about N. Sukhanov's notes) "," How to reorganize Rabbitrin (offer XII party congress) "," better less, yes better. "
"Letter to the Congress" - Lenin's Testament
Pictated by Lenin "Letter to the Congress" () is often considered as Lenin's testament. Some believe that in this letter contained a real will of Lenin, from which Stalin deviated later. Supporters of this point of view believe that if the country had evolved under this Leninist path, many problems did not arise. "Letter to the Congress" includes the following provisions:
- Increasing the number of CC members to several tens or even up to one hundred.
- The main ones of sustainability are such members of the Central Committee, as Stalin and Trotsky. Relations between them make up a greater half of the risk of split.
- Tov. Stalin, hansel, focused in his hands an immense power, and I'm not sure if he would always be able to care enough to use this power.
- Tov. Trotsky, perhaps, the most capable person in the present Central Committee, but also overly grabbing self-confidence and excessive hobbies of a purely administrative party.
- These two qualities of two prominent leaders of the modern Central Committee are capable of bringing to the split.
- The Oktyabrsky Episode of Zinoviev and Kamenev, of course, was not an accident.
- Bukharin is not only the most valuable and largest party theorist, it is also legally considered the favorite of the entire party, but his theoretical views can be identified very much to Marxist, because it has something scholastic (he never studied and I think never understood Full dialectics).
- Pyatakov - a man of undoubtedly outstanding will and outstanding abilities, but too fond of administrator, so that it can be rejected in a serious political issue.
- Several dozen workers, entering into the Central Committee, will be able to better than anyone else, check, improve and re-create our apparatus.
- Stalin is too rude, and this disadvantage, quite tolerant in the environment and in communication between us, the Communists, becomes intolerable in the position of the General Gender. Therefore, I suggest comrades to think about the way of moving Stalin from this place and appoint a place for another person to this, which in all other respects differs from TOV. Stalin is only one of the advantage, it is more tolerant, more loyal, more polite and more attentive to comrades, less capriciousness, etc. This circumstance may seem insignificant trifle. But I think that from the point of view of protection from split and from the point of view that I have written above about the relationship between Stalin and Trotsky, it is not a trifle, or it is such a trifle that can get crucial.
Thus, "Letter to the Congress" wore, rather, a recommendatory character, although later Nadezhda Krupskaya used the text "Letters" as a direct evidence against Stalin, speaking of the obligatory fulfillment of the will of Lenin as the first socialist leader.
Implementation of the Lenin Plan of Construction of Socialism in the USSR
Party documents, scientific work and training materials of the Soviet period interpreted the development of the USSR after the death of Lenin as "the implementation of the Leninist Plan for the construction of socialism." The provision on the possibility of building socialism in a separate country (in contrast to the originally supposed classics of Marxism of the world revolution) is one of the main provisions of Leninism. As articles in which the plan for building socialism was developed, "the state and revolution", "the next tasks of the Soviet power", "Economy and Policies in the era of the dictatorship of the proletariat", "better less, yes better", "about cooperation". The following main stages of the implementation of the Leninist Plan were allocated:
- Socialist industrialization. Although the course on the industrialization was announced after the death of Lenin XIV by the party in December 1925, it was often pointed out that this course was the continuation of the Lenin Plan of Goello.
- Cooperation of the peasantry. Assessment of the role of the peasantry in the revolution was the subject of many works of Lenin. One of the first acts of Soviet power was the decree on Earth. During the civil war, the peasants were forced to share food with the workers through the policies of the privacy, and then the extended. COOPERATION issues in the village of Lenin dedicated several works: "The next tasks of the Soviet power", "Report on work in the village on March 23, 1919", "On Food Tax", "On Cooperation". Stole collectivization was carried out after Lenin's death by decision of the XV party congress held in December 1927.
- Cultural revolution. The elimination of illiteracy and the construction of a folk education system was also considered as the implementation of the ideas of Lenin. It was noted that Lenin pointed to the need to learn (or, more precisely, to "learn communism", as he is in the "tasks of union youth").
The idea of \u200b\u200ba socialist competition, which has become a popular slogan in the USSR, was often attributed to Lenin. At the same time, they quoted the article "How to organize a competition?", In which it was argued:
Socialism not only does not fade competitions, but, on the contrary, for the first time, it creates the opportunity to apply it really widely, indeed in a mass size.
According to Soviet theorists, socialism was built in the USSR by 1936. This fact was fastened by the Constitution of the USSR of 1936.
Covenants Ilyich on the map of Russia
- The village, Altai Territory, Alasky district. Post index: 658110
- Village covenants Ilyich, Republic of Bashkortostan, Eaglesky district.
- Covenant Covenants Ilyich, Krasnodar Territory, Kushchevsky district
- Railway platform covenant Ilyich, Moscow region, Pushkinsky district.
- microdistrict Covenants Ilyich Pushkino city, Moscow region.
- The village, Saratov region, Engels district. Post index: 413168.
- The village, Sakhalin region, Nevelsky district. Post index: 694730.
- Village covenants Ilyich, Smolensk region, Roslavl district.
- The village of Covenants Ilyich, Khabarovsk Territory, Soviet-Havana district.
Songs
- The covenants of Lenin are true. Composer Seraphim Tulikov.
Leninskaya phrase "Communism is the Soviet power plus electrification of the whole country" got into jokes: "What is the" electrification of the whole country "? - Communism minus Soviet power "or" Soviet power is communism minus electrification of the whole country. "
Covenants of another Ilyich
In connection with the identity of the patientity, the expression "Cape Ilyich" is sometimes used in relation to another Ilyich - Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev. The newspaper Izvestia has published an article "", dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the death of Brezhnev.
Illustrations
Write a review about the article "Covenants Ilyich"
Notes
see also
Links
Excerpt characterizing Ilyich's covenants
- Where are you going? Boris asked.- To His Majesty with the instruction.
- There he is! - said Boris, who heard that Rostov had to be His Highness, instead of His Majesty.
And he pointed out to him on the Grand Duke, which is in a hundred steps from them, in a helmet and in the cavalry river, with his raised shoulders and frowning eyebrows, something shouted to the Austrian white and pale officer.
"But this is the Grand Duke, and to me to the commander-in-chief or to the sovereign," Rostov said and touched a horse.
- Graph, Graph! - shouted Berg, the same lively, like Boris, running on the other side, - a graph, I was injured in my right hand (he said, showing a hand brush, bloody, lined with a nose handkerchief) and stayed at the front. Count, I hold the sword in the left hand: in our breed Bergs, a graph, all were knights.
Berg said something else, but Rostov, without hearing him, was already driving further.
Driving the guard and an empty gap, Rostov, in order not to get again in the first line, as he fell under the attack of Kavaleargards, drove along the reserves, far casting the place where the hottest shooting and cannonade was heard. Suddenly there is ahead and behind our troops, in such a place where he could not assume the enemy, he heard a close rifle shooting.
"What could it be? - thought Rostov. - Enemier in the rear of our troops? It may not be, "Rostov thought, and the horror of fear for himself and for the outcome of the whole battle suddenly found him. - Whatever it was, however, he thought, "now there is nothing to go around. I have to look for the commander-in-chief here, and if everything died, then my business to die with everyone together. "
A bad premonition, who was suddenly at Rostov, was confirmed more and more, the further he went into the space for the village of Pratis, engaged in the crowds of heterogeneous troops.
- What? What? On whom shoot? Who shoots? - asked Rostov, evenly with Russian and Austrian soldiers, fucked mixed crowds in the road.
- Does Chort know them? All broke! Loss all! - They answered him in Russian, in German and on Czech crowds running and misunderstanding just like he, what was happening here.
- Bay Germans! - I shouted one.
- And Chort them Deri, - traitors.
- ZUM HENKER DIESE RUESEN ... [To Chort these Russians ...] - something grumbled German.
Some wounded walked on the road. Crossing, screams, moans merged into one common hum. The shooting raised and, as Rostov learned later, they shot each other Russian and Austrian soldiers.
"Oh my God! What is it? - thought Rostov. - And here, where every minute the sovereign can see them ... But no, it is, right, only a few flashers. It will pass, it's not that it can not be, "he thought. - only as soon as possible, quickly drive them! "
The thought of defeat and flight could not be attached to Rostov. Although he saw the French guns and troops on Pratcensk Mountain, on that very, where he ordered to find the commander-in-chief, he could not and did not want to believe it.
Near the village of Pracea Rostov ordered to seek Kutuzov and the sovereign. But here not only did not have them, but there was not a single boss, but were heterogeneous crowds of upset troops.
He chased the tired horse, to speed these crowds rather, but the farther he was fused, the crowds became upset. On the big road, on which he left, crowded strollers, the crews of all varieties, Russian and Austrian soldiers, all kinds of troops, wounded and unreasonable. All this buzzed and mixedly kept on the gloomy sound of flying nuclei from the French batteries set on the pratsky altitudes.
- Where is the sovereign? Where is Kutuzov? - He asked Rostov from everyone who could stop, and could not get a response from anyone.
Finally, grasping a soldier's collar, he forced him to answer himself.
- e! brother! For a long time, everything is there, forward twitched! - said Rostov soldiers, laughing with something and pulling out.
Leaving this soldier, who, obviously, was drunk, Rostov stopped the horse of the twin or Beretor of an important person and began to ask him. The Rentman declared Rostov that the sovereign from his hour ago was taken to the whole spirit in a carriage on this very road, and that the sovereign was dangerous.
"Can't be," said Rostov, "right, another who."
"I saw himself," said the Bunker with a self-confident smile. "It's time for me to know the sovereign: it seems how many times in St. Petersburg it seems that way. Pale, the earliest in the carriage sits. The fourth of the crow as it will sweep, my father, by us thundered: it's time, it seems, and royal horses and Ilya Ivanycha to know; It seems with the other as with the king of Ilya Kucher does not go.
Rostov allowed his horse and wanted to go further. The walking past the wounded officer appealed to him.
- Yes, who do you need? - asked an officer. - Commander-in-Chief? So killed the core, killed in the chest at our shelf.
"Not killed, wounded," the other officer corrected.
- Who? Kutuzov? - asked Rostov.
"Not Kutuzov, but how do you mean him," well, yes, all one, there is not much alive. Won go there, won to the village, there all the bosses gathered, "said this officer, pointing to the village of the hotel, and passed by.
Rostov drove a step, not knowing why and to whom he will go now. The sovereign is injured, the battle is lost. It was impossible not to believe it now. Rostov was driving by the direction that he specified and on which the tower and church were visible in the distance. Where did he hurry? What was he now to speak sovereign or Kutuzov, if even they were alive and not injured?
"This expensive, your welfare, go, and then they will kill it right," the soldiers shouted him. - It will be killed!
- ABOUT! What you say! Said another. - Where will he go? Here closer.
Rostov thought and went precisely by the direction where he was told that they would kill.
"Now it's all the same: if the sovereign is injured, did you really care about yourself?" He thought. He entered the space on which people running from Puzzen died most. The French have not yet occupied this place, and the Russians, those who were alive or injured, have long left him. On the field, like a shock on a good pasha, lay ten people, fifteen killed, wounded at every tithing place. The wounded clutched two, three together, and they were heard unpleasant, sometimes pretending, as it seemed to be Rostov, their screams and moans. Rostov launched a trot's horse so as not to see all these suffering people, and it became scary. He was afraid not for his life, and for the courage that he needed and which he knew would not stand the appearance of these unfortunate.
The French, who stopped shooting along this, destroyed dead and wounded, the field, because no one was already living on it, seeing the adjutant on him, they brought the gun on him and threw several cores. The feeling of these whistles, terrible sounds and the surrounding dead merged for Rostov in one impression of horror and regret to themselves. He remembered the last letter of his mother. "Whatever she felt, he thought," he would have seen me now here, on this field and sent to me to the guns. "
In the village of the hotel there were though confused, but more Russian troops, walking away from the battlefield. There were no French kernels here, and shooting sounds seemed distant. Everyone has already been clearly seen and said that the battle was lost. Rostov applied to anyone, no one could tell him or where there was a sovereign, no where Kutuzov was. Some said that the rumor about the head of the sovereign is fair, others said that no, and explained this false spread of the rumor by what, indeed, in the head of the sovereign, she slipped back from the battlefield pale and frightened Ober Gofamarsal Count Tolstoy, left with others in the emperor retinue On the battlefield. One officer told Rostov, that behind the village, left, he saw someone from the top supervision, and Rostov went there, no longer hoping to find someone, but in order to clean their conscience before himself. After passing the versts, three and passed by the last Russian troops, near the garden, the oked ditch, Rostov saw two riders stood against the ditches. One, with a white sultan on the hat, seemed for some reason familiar Rostov; Another, unfamiliar rider, on a beautiful red horse (this horse seemed familiar Rostov) drove up to the ditch, pushed the horse to spurs and, having released the reins, easily jumped over a ditch of garden. Only the earth sat down from the mound from the rear hooves of the horse. Cool turning the horse, he again jumped a ditch again and respectfully turned to the rider with a white sultan, obviously, offering him to do the same. The rider whom the figure seemed familiar to Rostov and for some reason involuntarily chained his attention, made a negative gesture of his head and hand, and on this gesture of Rostov instantly recognized his mourne, adored the sovereign.
"But it could not be, one in the midst of this empty field," Rostov thought. At this time, Alexander turned his head, and Rostov saw her favorite traits cracked into his memory. The sovereign was pale, his cheeks fell and their eyes fell; But the more charms, the meekness was in his features. Rostov was happy, making sure that hearing about the wound of the sovereign was unfair. He was happy that he saw him. He knew that he could have even had to directly turn to him and convey what was ordered to transfer to him from Dolgorrukova.
But as the in love, the young man shakes and goes, without daring to tell what he dreams about the night, and frightened looking around, looking for help or the possibility of a delay and flight, when the desired minute came, and he stands alone with her and Rostov now, reaching that What he wanted most in the world, did not know how to go to the sovereign, and thousands of considerations were presented, why it was uncomfortable, indecent and impossible.
"How! I seem to be happy to take advantage of the fact that he is alone and in despondency. It is unpleasant to him and heavily may seem unknown person at this moment of sadness; Then, what can I tell him now, when at one glance at him, my heart flies and dries in my mouth? " None of those countless speeches, which he, reversing the sovereign, made it in his imagination, did not come to him in his head. Those speeches kept the part of the part at all other conditions, they stated the most part of the victories and celebrations and mostly on the deathbed of the received wounds, while the sovereign thanked him for the heroic acts, and he, dying, expressed him confirmed in fact His.
"Then, what will I ask the sovereign about his orders to the right flank, when now the 4th hour of the evening, and the battle is lost? No, I decisively should not approach him. Should not break his thoughtfulness. It is better to die a thousand times, than getting a bad look from him, a bad opinion, "Rostov decided and with sadness and with despair in the heart went away, indifferently looking at the sovereign who stood in the same position.
While Rostov did these considerations and sadly drove away from the sovereign, captain von Tol randomly hit the same place and, seeing the sovereign, directly drove up to him, offered him his services and helped go on foot through the ditch. The sovereign, wanting to relax and feeling unhealthy, sat down under the apple tree, and only stopped by him. Rostov from afar with envy and repentance saw the background for a long time for a long time and spoke with the heat, as a sovereign, apparently, closed, closed his eyes with his hand and shook the hand of Tol.
"And I could be in his place?" Rostov thought about himself and, barely holding tears of regret about the fate of the sovereign, in perfect despair went further, not knowing where and why he was now riding.
His despair was the stronger that he felt that his own weakness was the cause of his grief.
He could ... not only could, but he had to drive up to the sovereign. And it was the only case to show sovereign his dedication. And he did not take advantage of them ... "What did I do?" He thought. And he turned his horse and rocked back to the place where he saw the emperor; But no one was behind the ditch. Only drove wagons and crews. From one Furman Rostov found out that the Kutuzov headquarters is nearby in the village where there was an overview. Rostov drove them.
He was ahead of him Beretor Kutuzov, driving horses in his back. Behind the Beretor rose a wagon, and the old man was on the cart, in the carriage, serrated coat and curves.
- Tit, and tit! Said Breitor.
- What? - absently answered the old man.
- Tit! Go to thoroughly.
- E, Fool, Ugh! "I spit angrily, the old man said. It took several times of the silent movement, and again the same joke was repeated.
In the fifth hour of the evening, the battle was played at all points. More than one hundred guns were already in the power of the French.
Pretty with his body put a weapon. Other columns, after about half of the people, retreated with upset, mixed crowds.
The remnants of the troops of Langeron and Dohturova, Mixing, were crowded near the ponds on dams and shores at the village of Aritesta.
At 6 m hour, only the carnone cannona of some French, who built numerous batteries on the descent of Pratcensky heights and who beat our retreating troops were still heard at the auggest dam.
In the terrigard, the dohturov and others, collecting battalions, shot themselves from the French cavalry pursuing ours. It began to be frozen. On a narrow dam of the Augism, on which so many years peacefully satuned in the cap, the older Melnik with rods, while his grandson, having drove his shirt sleeves, moved silver trees in the watering can; On this dam, in which so many years peacefully passed on its paired warrens, loaded with wheat, in the shaggy hats and blue morale jackets and, stuffed with flour, with white valves were left on the same dam, - on this narrow dam now between wagons and cannons, Under the horses and between the wheels, people were crowded by fear of death, gone each other, dying, walking through dying and killing each other for just that, passing a few steps to be accurate. Also killed.
Every ten seconds, the bent air, slapped the kernel or burst into the garnet in the middle of this thick crowd, killing and sprinkling the blood of those who stood close. Shelokov, wounded in her hand, walking with a dozen soldier of his company (he was already an officer) and his regimental commander, riding, represented the remains of the entire regiment. The crowded crowded, they were tried to enter the dam and, compressed from all sides, stopped, because the horse fell in front of the gun, and the crowd pulled it out. One core killed someone from behind them, the other hit ahead and spattered by the blood of Dologov. The crowd launched desperately, squeezed, moved a few steps and stopped again.
To pass these hundred steps, and probably saved; Every another two minutes, and died, probably thought everyone. Shelokhov, who stood in the middle of the crowd, rushed to the edge of the dam, knocking off the legs of two soldiers, and escaped on slippery ice, covered the pond.
"Complete," he shouted, bouncing on the ice that cracked under him, turn together! He shouted on an instrument. - Holds! ...
The ice kept him, but got rushed and cracked, and obviously it was that not only under the gun or the crowd of the people, but he will collapse under him now. They looked at him and fed to the shore, not deciding still to stand on ice. The commander of the regiment, standing by the riding at the entrance, raised his hand and revealed his mouth, turning to Dolokhov. Suddenly one of the cores was so low of the crowd over the crowd that they all bent. Something slapped into the wet, and the general fell with a horse in a puddle of blood. No one looked at the general, did not think to raise it.
- went to the ice! Went on the ice! Went! Roman! Al do not hear! Went! "Suddenly, after the kernel, who had fallen into the general, countless voices were heard, not knowing what they screamed.
One of the rear tools, which joined the dam, piled on the ice. Crowds of soldiers from the dam began to run on the frozen pond. Under one of the front soldiers cracked the ice, and one leg went into the water; He wanted to recover and failed at the belt.
The nearest soldiers were jammed, the gun riding stopped his horse, but the cries still heard from behind: "I went to the ice, which became, went! Went! " And the cries of horror were heard in the crowd. The soldiers surrounding the tool, waved on the horses and beat them so that they folded and hit. Horses moved from the shore. The ice that kept the hiking collapsed in a huge piece, and a man of forty, former on ice, who rushed to ahead, who back, sweating one of the other.
The nuclei is still evenly whistled and looked at ice, in the water and most often in the crowd, covered the dam, ponds and coast.
On the Pratsoman Mountain, at the very place where he fell with the banner in his hands, lay the prince Andrei Bolkonsky, expired by blood, and, not knowing himself, moaning a quiet, pitiful and children's moan.
By evening, he stopped moaning and completely sat down. He did not know how long his oblivion continued. Suddenly, he again felt alive and suffering from burning and bursting something in his head.
"Where is it, this is a high sky, which I did not know so far and saw now?" It was his first thought. "And I didn't know the suffering of this as well," he thought. - Yes, I did not know anything yet. But where am I? "
He began to listen and heard the sounds of the approaching horses of horses and sounds of voices that spoke French. He opened his eyes. Above it was again all the same high sky with an even higher rising floating clouds, through which the blue infinity was seen. He did not turn his head and did not see those that, judging by the sound of hooves and votes, drove up to him and stopped.
Incoming the rides were Napoleon, accompanied by two adjutants. Bonaparte, circling the battlefield, gave recent orders to strengthen batteries shooting on the dam of the auration and considered killed and wounded remaining on the battlefield.
- De Beaux Hommes! [Handsome men!] - said Napoleon, looking at the killed Russian Grenader, who, with a face cuffed into the ground and was lying on his stomach, throwing back alone with a short hand.
- Les Munitions Des Pieces De Position Sont Epuisees, Sire! [Battery charges are no longer, Your Majesty!] - At this time, the adjutant, who came with the batteries, shot on the auguesta.
- FAITES AVANCER CELLES DE LA Reserve, [Meld to bring from reserves,] - said Napoleon, and, having left a few steps, he stopped over the prince Andrey, who had fallen with an alleged ban on him (the banner, as a trophy, was taken by the French) .
- Voila Une Belle Mort, [Here is a wonderful death,] - said Napoleon, looking at Bolkonsky.
Prince Andrei realized that it was said about him, and that Napoleon says. He heard how they called someone who said these words. But he heard these words, no matter how heard the buzz of flies. He not only did not interest them, but he did not notice, but immediately forgot them. He burned his head; He felt that he would feed blood, and he saw over his distant, high and eternal sky. He knew that this was Napoleon - his hero, but at that moment Napoleon seemed to him such a small, insignificant person in comparison with what was happening now between his soul and this high, endless sky with clouds running on it. He was completely all the same at that moment, whoever stood over him, no matter what he spoke about him; He was glad only that people stopped over him, and wished only that these people would help him and returned him to life, which seemed to him so beautiful, because he otherwise understood her now. He collected all his strength to move and make some kind of sound. He moved poorly and produced him the degraded, weak, painful moan.
Part one
The story divided into two stories. One will be almost positive, the other - as it turns out. Although I know exactly what happens sadly. But let's start with a positive.
I'll tell you today about the village of Ilyich's covenant, which is located between Vanino village ( who has long time to assign the city status) and the city of Soviet harbor. Not exactly between, but on the road - just like this.
Reference. "The history of the village of Ilyich's covenants as a permanent settlement began at the end of the 20s of the 20th century. As Kontravyan S. Smetanin writes," in 1929, in the Astrakhan region, volunteers were recorded for relocation to the Soviet harbor to create a fish farm. The place and land like the first migrants, and here in February 1930, the steamer "Yerevan" approached the harbor, stood with strong ice.
Unloaded right on the ice. On the Menshikov Peninsula installed tents. In the first batch there were only men. They had to build housing for families. At the general meeting, the board of the collective farm was elected, which was called "Covenants Ilyich". The chairman was the twenty-five-year-old Novikov.
Later the collective farm transferred to the coast of the North Bay. The village called Novoastrakhansky, elected village council.
Many migrants change climate change, bad conditions of life. To improve the food, organized a utility farm on the Hoody River, then a dairy farm. But the happening fire destroyed everything. And again it was necessary to start everything first.
In 1934, the New Asian village council was liquidated, the village called Ilyich's covenants. At that time, he became a large worker.
A collective farm, and the village grew up with him. But war began. From the village, marines went to battle from the collective farm.
In 1947, the collective farm "Covenants Ilyich" was translated into South Sakhalin in the Nevelsky district. And the name of it retained the village of Ilyich's covenants. "
It was, let's say, civil lyrics. Why civil? Anyone who is a little familiar with the Far East knows that the army is our FFSE. In the sense that the coast and then the hare, i.e. In the land border - this is all "populated" by the military. It was populated. Settled - it is built up with all sorts of earlier ( and now) closed towns, structures of military units, strengthening and other militaristic good. So here. Soviet harbor has always been a "refuge" of the Far Eastern Sun ( walking, riding and stationary), and located near the village of Ilyich's covenants for a long time I was ... It's scary. Read, in general.
"28th Division of Nuclear Submarines
Base: p. Covenant Ilyich, B.Postova, Soviet - / Project 613, 627, 659T /
Formed in 1981-82gg in the Sakhalin Flotilla / Based 110? division pl. After disbanding, a division of sludge was formed at its base.
Commanders:
1985-1988 - Anhin Nikolai Vasilyevich K-ADM
1988-1990 - Denisov Anatoly Petrovich K1R
NSh:
19 ?? - 1988 - Denisov Anatoly Petrovich
1988-19 ?? - Syshev Yuri Nikolaevich
Historical reference
On November 21, 1939, the formation of the 5th Brigade of Submarine Strof under the command of Captain 3 rank Chursin Seraphim Evgenievich was completed.
The 5th Brigade includes:
31 Division of submarines (4 submarines of the type "Shch");
21 Division of submarines (4 submarines of type "M");
25 Division of submarines (4 submarines of type "M").
On March 12, 1941, the 5th Brigade of Submarines was reorganized in the 3rd Brigade of Submarine Staff. On January 1, 1955, on the basis of the 3rd brigade of submarines, the 9th separate brigade of submarines of the FarFs was formed. December 1, 1982 The 90th separate submarine team was reorganized in 28 submarine division.
In August-December 1942, 252 sailors and 8 officers were sent to replenish the parts of the Red Army. In 1943, 70 more people sent to the fronts with fascist Germany. Brigade ships throughout World War II were in operational readiness and performed intelligence tasks. Underwater boats "Sh-116", "Sh -117", "Sh-118", "Sh-119" went to combat assignments.
On July 18, 1942, during the parking lot in the naval base, Nikolaevsk-on-Amur as a result of the sabotage there was a catastrophe - an explosion on the submarine "Sh-138". A submarine "Sh-118" was damaged. 43 people died.
On October 7, 1944, the 9th division of submarines in the composition of 6 submarines of the M M submarines was loss at the Black Sea Fleet to participate in hostilities against fascist Germany.
During military action against the Military Japan, the SCR Zarnitsa produced minerals on the border of the VBM zone and in the Tatar Strait.
Submarines and ships of the Brigade participated in conducting exploration of fuel transportation by landing of intelligence groups, the protection of mine position in the northern part of the Tatar Strait.
For participation in the battles during the Great Patriotic War and the Second World Warr behind the manifestation of the courage and courage, 78 pavement sailors and officers were awarded the orders and medals of the USSR.
On June 1, 1990, 28 submarine division was reorganized in the 60th submarine brigade. And31 December 1992, 60 submarines brigade was reorganized in the 36th division of submarines of the Soviet-Havana naval base.
Compound composition:
"Sh-115", "Sh-116", "Sh-117", "Sh-118",
"SH-119", "Sch-120", SCR "Zarnitsa", Floa Base "Kulu"
"M-25", "M-26", "M-27", "M-28", "M-43", "M-44", "M-45",
"M-46", "M-47", "M-48", "M-251", "M-252", "M-253", "M-285", "M-286", "M -291 "," M-292 "," M-293 "," M-294 "
"C-23", "C-25", "C-26", "C-68", "C-77", "C-78", "C-86", "C-87", "With -88 "," C-94 "," C-117 "," C-118 "," C-119 "," C-220 "," C-145 "," C-221 "," C-222 "," C-237 "," C-240 "," C-262 "," C-275 "," C-278 "," C-294 "," C-328 "," C-332 ", "C-334", "C-335", "C-336", "C-337", "C-359", "C-393", "C-176"
"K-14", "K-45", "K-133", "K-151", "K-259", 120 crew, 127 crew.
Famous submarines Connection:
Submarine "Sh-117" ("C-117") ...
Nuclear submarine "K-14" ...
Guards Atomic Submarine "K-133" ...
Nuclear submarine "K-151" ...
Heroes of the Soviet Union:
Red robust zones
captain 1 rank Golubev Dmitry Nikolaevich,
captain 2 rank Lomov Eduard Dmitrievich,
captain 2 rank Stolyarov Lev Nikolaevich,
captain 2 rank Usenko Nikolai Vitalevich,
engineer-captain 2 rank Morozov Ivan Fedorovich.
Commanders of connections:
Captain 3 rank Chursin Serafim Evgenievich (1939);
Captain 1 rank Prokofiev Vladimir Matveyevich (1952-1955);
Captain 2 rank Bodarevsky Yuri Sergeevich (1952-1953);
Council Admiral Sukhomlinov Pavel Denisovich (1955-1956);
Captain 1 rank Kozin Alexander Gerasimovich (1956-1960);
Captain 1 rank Ivanov Yuri Vasilyevich (1960-1961);
Captain 1 rank Speransky Nikolai Borisovich (1961-1968);
Captain 1 rank of Kandalin residents Vitaly Aleksandrovich (1970-1976), UPD ( from May 1972 to August 1976 - Counter Admiral)
;
Captain 1 Rang Zakharovsky Vladimir Dmitrievich (1976-1978);
Captain 1 rank Cretsky Anatoly Nikiforovich (1978-1979);
Captain 1 rank Boris Nikolayevich (1979-1982);
Council Admiral Anokhin Nikolay Vasilyevich (1982-1987);
Captain 1 rank Denisoviv Anatoly Petrovich (1987-1990);
Captain 1 rank Suwalov Yuri Vasilyevich (1990-1993);
Captain 1 rank Peremero Vladimir Andreevich (1993-2003);
Captain 1 rank Anikin Alexander Leonidovich (since 2003). "
Impressed? Of course!
In addition to the submariners and Morpekhov, the 75th aircraft deposit was located in the village (in / h 62429), and there is even a military airfield at all. i did not give any state secrets?). But this is so, from the age-friendly available :) Somewhere there still rackets should be, but I do not know.
Also in the village of Covenants Ilyich 1955 to 1995 there was a Drama Theater of the Pacific Fleet ( theater! Tof! in the settlement!). It was organized in 1932, with the Vladivostok House of the Red Army and Fleet. Before the war in the theater, such masters of the scene were worked as a student A. D. Wild J. S. Stein, Honored Artist of the RSFSR V. I. Moskvin ( son of the famous Mkhattsz I. M. Moskvina), People's Artist of the RSFSR, Professor B. M, Sushkevich, student V. Meyerhold N. N. Butorin, the future leader of the Leningrad Music-Hall I. Rakhlin. During the Great Patriotic War, the theater toured at the military units and ships of the Pacific Fleet in military units and ships, and when the war began with Japan, the team, divided into front-line brigades, worked in the current army, participated in the liberation of China and Korea.
In 1996, the theater returned from the covenants to Vladivostok.
What else is the famous village? Not far from it, the famous Fregat "Pallada" has so much. Do not know, is the "pallada" chivo? Well, finally ... then nat. Curly Far Eastern, listen to these surnames and events! There are a lot of text, but you must have to know it.
"... The fate of the military frigate" Pallada "from the very birth was unusual and amazing. It is enough to say that the first commander of the ship was a wonderful Russian Flotodetroita Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, who floated to it around the world on the" cruiser "frigate ... A frigate was built on the best samples of his time. From the first-class materials and was different from most other ships underlined the rigor of lines, elegant finish. And it is not surprising: after all, he led the most experienced master shipbuilding, the colonel drain ... Constructed a sailboat a little less than a year, and on September 1, 1832 he had a stacked.
Here are some detachment data: its length is 52.7 meters, width - 13.3 meters, speed - 12 nodes. 52 guns were installed on the ship ...
When the team was commissioned to take around the world swimming, "Pallada" celebrated his twentieth ... From the port of Kronstadt, the frigate was despair in a rainy autumn day of 1852. Commanded the "Palladya" Captain Lieutenant I. S. Unkovsky, the pupil of Admiral Lazarev, an excellent navigator, a volitional and sensible commander.
His team included Captain-Lieutenant K. Put, Lieutenants - V. Romans, Korsakov, I. Butakov, P. Tikhenev, N. Crydner, S. Tyrkov, N. Savich, S. Schwartz, I. Belanets, A. Schlipenbach , Michmans - P. Anjou, A. Bolotin. P. Green, A. Kolokoltsev, Sea artillery Captain K. Losev, Unber Castor V. Plushkin, Corps of the Fleet Navigator Storm Captain A. Khalezov, Leschik L. Popov 1st, Podoruk, I. Moiseev 3rd, Skipper part Podoruk Ya. Isto Ming, senior doctor Headquarters A. Arefiev, Junior doctor of Weyrich, Corps of ship engineers Podororuk I. Zarubin, Archimandrite Avvakum, College Assestor O. Goszkevich, Martemarinov - 4, Junker - 1, Unter- Officers - 32, ordinary - 365, non-construction - 30, musicians - 26. The main goal of the expedition, at the head of which Admiral E. V. Putyatin was supposed to conclude a trade treatise with Japan.
To compile the chronicles of navigation and conducting protocols during negotiations with Japanese representatives, Admiral included in the team of another person and in connection with this special order issued a special order "On the appointment of a column department of the Department of Foreign Trade of the College Assistor Goncharova Secretary at the Adjutane-General Putyathine during the long-distance Swimming frigate "Pallada", about monetary content of this official. " This official was Ivan Alexandrovich Goncharov. He really served as a college astronor, but was widely known for the reading Russia as a wonderful writer, the author of the popular novel "Ordinary History", who admired Belinsky himself. Go to a long-star journey from ornaments was his cherished desire.
"I dreamed everything - and I had long dreamed - about that high," he wrote, stepping on the deck of the Fregat "Pallada", "maybe from the minute when the teacher told me that if you drive from any point of non-stop, then you turn around To her on the other side ... ".
One attack followed the other ... But even more cruel tests fell to their share in the Pacific Ocean ... The expedition headed by the famous naturalist Captain-Lieutenant Konstantin Nikolayevich was posted, conducted an important shooting for science and inventory of the shore, made a number of valuable card amendments then enjoyed Seaflores of different countries, and, in addition, three comfortable parking for ships were opened. New Anchor Parking received Russian names - the bay of Unkovsky, the port of Lazarev and the bay of the village ...
For the thirteenth day "Pallada" entered the port of Hong Kong. Here, Admiral first learned about the Russian-Turkish conflict. War was brewing with England and France ... "Pallada" took a course to the Islands of Ryu-Kyu, visited the port of Napa on Okinawa Island, and on February 9, Admiral sent the frigate to Manila, without knowing that this day, England and France were terminated by the contract with Russia. English Admiral Price Already tied to the shores of Chile Squadron of ships to make an attack on the Fregat "Pallada" and capture it. The old one who served his age sailboat, of course, could not cope with the screw ships, but he still decided to "rock ancient" and began to prepare for the battle. In the case of the surroundings in unequal battle, it was decided to blow up the frigate. However, from a meeting with English ships soon had to refuse - from St. Petersburg there was a completely different indication: hide "Pallada" at the mouth of the Amur.
For more than two months, Unkovsky beat over the execution of this order, trying to introduce a huge, massive frigate into the winding and narrow mouth of the river. Farwater did not have enough depth, was littered with countless grinders and pitfalls. Without achieving success, the captain turned the ship back, in the imperial (now Soviet) Harbor, put the Pallada to the Fallen Konstantinovskaya bay. From two sides, the bay approached the bay, reliably defended the ship from the winds and from prying eyes. All tools and fighting supplies from the vessel were removed, moved to the "Diana" frigate, on which Admiral Putyatin was planned to continue the way to Japan and then return to Petersburg ...
The fate of the frigate, meanwhile, ended tragically. After the team went out of the vessel, only Lieutenant Kuznetsov, Bottches Sinitsyn and ten sailors remained aboard him. In the instructions, this Kuznetsov, it was prescribed "in the event of an enemy entry into the harbor, burn the frigate, and to try to reach the shore to the settlements on Amur." The sailors thoughtfully defeated the ship, pumped out the water from the truma, vigorously watched, no matter how the enemy does not penetrate the harbor ...
The enemy, looking for a Russian frigate, walked over to the strait itself. And then suddenly did the impossible, no justified order of the fleet of the fleet - sink "Pallad".
Here's what he writes about it in the book of his memoirs G. I. Nevelsky: "The head of the Konstantinovsky post, the porquet of Kuznetsov in a letter dated November 25 informed me: the imperial harbor was covered with ice that the enemy did not show that the whole team is healthy, the province is 10 months. .. At the time when I received from Kuznetsov this is a report ... Michman's siende arrived, whom the counter-admiral commander commander sent to the Imperial Harbor in order to flood the Fregat "Pallada", and the team with Kuznetsov return to Nikolaev. I am on Some time delayed the sidelines in the Mariinsky port, henceforth to an answer from the Zabechiko, who transmitting the Kuznetsov report, wrote: "... In the destruction of the Pallada frigate, there is no longer the slightest extremes, because before the autopsy of the imperial harbor, at home I am 1856 The year may follow a truce and even the world, and therefore it is necessary ... Confirm the Kuznetsov, if the world does not follow and the enemy will enter the purpose to take possession of the frigate, to act According to instructions according to it, it is, that is, to blow the frigate, and with people himself to retreat to the forest towards Hungari. A similar action will have a much greater impact on the enemy in our favor than the flooding without any other extremes of the frigate, which can be derived from the harbor in the event of the world from the spring of 1856 ... ". To this offer ... Warehouse .. . I answered me that, in view of these orders, he cannot accept such a proposal, as contrary to these orders, to his responsibility, and therefore it is strictly orders the sideline to immediately go to the imperial harbor and to flood the Fregat "Pallada". As a result of this, the dermarity, Following the imperial harbor through the village of Hungari, arrived there on January 17, 1856, that is, in 16 days; he flooded the Fregat "Palladov" from Konstantinovsky post and, having risen in this post with the Kuznetsov team, on March 20, the same way returned to Nikolaev "...
In 1923, the seamen "Red October" was found and sent to the Vladivostok port of the anchor of the frigate, and a few later - a copper porthole and part of the False-side of the famous sailboat. In front of the greatest Patriotic War, the Eproztsy domestic war again in detail examined the historic sailboat and installed that he was on a 20-meter depth. Neither the mast, nor the upper add-ons were discovered - obviously, they were demolished with ice. The housing of the frigate, seized by seaside worms, rolled with seashells and algae, is preserved relatively well. And at the same time, a message appeared in the press: "In 1941, Soviet divers will raise a centenary" literary monument "from the seabed. The war prevented the implementation of a multi-minded plan ..."
And a small quote. "If the ship lay down on the right side of the flooding, and in Soviet times there was a heater vessel. Heating from this Pallada ship was littered, immersed by the right side of the diametral plane in the dirt, Il and slag. Maybe it saved Frigate from the final looting. After all, a small depth in the place of flooding, finding the cove coves in the village. Covenants Ilyich gave access to the frigate to everyone.
To date, only the right side of the frigate immersed in Il and Slag has been preserved. In 1989, the East Club expedition was raised elements of the designs of Pallades. At the moment they can be seen in the exposition of the museum. Arsenyev. "
"Pallada" put a monument, on the shore, in the Listkey. Honestly, I'm not sure that he has been preserved ...
Well, and about more accessible and still preserved. In the village of the garrison house of the fleet officers, on the initiative and the forces of submariners, the cabling of the submarine PR.613 "C-88" was installed. There are other busy facilities near the hatch, but about them after. Another "underwater" monument is not preserved. He was also collected by the whole world, they were erected on their own. Quotation: "On January 3, 1998, the Magazine" Sea Collection "with a documentary story" Mystery of the disappeared "Pikes" arrived in the connection of submariners in / h 15058. In it, the author described in detail the last days of the boat C - 117, "which performing the combat The task, sank in the Tatar Strait ... ". Deputy commander of the submarine compound Captain II rank V.V. Piskaykin holds a general meeting of military personnel compounds with the agenda:" On the construction of a monument to the crew of a submarine "C - 117". Sketches of the monument instructed to make a professional artist of the foreman of the first article V.I. Kozlov ...
There was no money for the construction of the monument. Forces of the personal composition of the connection with the writtenbed submarine, a piece of longer than four meters with a hatch and an emergency will be cut off. With the help of Torpedolov, he was removed and brought to the place of installation of the monument ... The memorial plaque was manufactured in the institution. Vanino. All autumn and winter Personal composition of the compound was welding, made the basis of the monument. In May, Gravel and Sand were brought to the coast of the postpone.
July 10, 1999 - a significant day in the history of the construction of the monument: the first plates were laid in its foundation. Work began on its decoration. It took more than 20 trucks of natural stone, delivered two anchors, anchor chain. Supervised the work and participated in the construction of the Monument V.V. Piscaykin.
The opening of the monument took place on May 31, 1999 on the day of the sixtieth anniversary of the formation of the North-Pacific Flotilla, which included PLS - 117 ... ".
Tired text? Then the soux will only pictures. First - old pictures.
Postova Bay
613th. Spring 1975
Crew C-221 on the pier in the postman's bay
Ships on conservation. Soviet-Havana VBM, Postova Bay, Tof, 1991
But this frame is interesting to its continuation ( already, it's already, like, and Soviet). See. Then.
And people. Then ( at the Parade of the Navy, the Covenants of Ilyich, the personnel of 3 companies 5 of the platoon of ShmaS, 74).
And now ( 2008 year).
And for those who are poorly oriented in our immense, unrefining the bonus.
Old map.
And the map is new.
Salmon everyone remembers? :) Here it is, from another covenant-Ilyic shore.
Description
Covenants Ilyich - urban-type village in the Soviet-Havan district of the Khabarovsk Territory of Russia.
Population 8527 people.
Geographical position
Located in the eastern part of the edge 7 km north of the Soviet Harbor, on the shore of the postponement of the Soviet harbor. The nearest train station Sovgavan-Sorting 3 km.
History of the village.
Initially, the fishing village of Novoastrakhansky, founded in the early 1920s. Then he was renamed Ilyich's covenant. Status of a city type village - since 1960, after the selection of the Soviet harbor from the city. During the 2nd World War and the post-war years, a large naval base of the Pacific Fleet, the headquarters of the North-Pacific Flotilla, then the 7th Navy and the Sakhalin Flotilla. VBM included surface ships, submarines (including atomic), coastal troops of the fleet (many parts of collateral, marine infrontation). Also, the head of the air defense of the entire coast (345th air defense brigade) and the Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Navy (41st JaP, the postponement airfield), in the future, the rebound 11th air defense army, military builders, 105th car repair plant, dairy, Confectionery, typography of the newspaper "guarding the Motherland." With the collapse of the USSR, the number of servicemen decreased, the collapse and the village degradation came.
In the XXI century, a 38th separate division of the water protection ships of the water area, as part of the two small anti-submarine ships of the project of 1124 and three trawls remained from the once large sea garrison. Almost all the "Stalinist" houses are built, as well as several relatively fresh five-storey houses are thrown and turned into ruins. A large number of official buildings were thrown and destroyed and destroyed, and the buildings were completely destroyed on the Menshikov peninsula - the village in essence is a huge scenery to the films about the war.
Economy
The village-forming organization is the naval base (currently - the OSR division).
To the journey, we prepared thoroughly. Purplified all the necessary products, gas tiles with cylinders, drinking water, and many other useful things.
Information about the upcoming trip was collected by information from both the Internet and from friends and acquaintances who have already committed such journeys. But relatives, everything as one discovered, as we were going to go with the whole family with three children. Only a brother, having heard about our crazy desire, fell off with Cheboksary and, together with his daughter, flew to Khabarovsk to participate in this event too.
We left from p. Covenants Ilyich early in the morning, half a day drove towards Khabarovsk. It is in the direction that from the site of 360 km is only about 150 km routine into the asphalt. The rest of the sections are either crushed stone or stones, or just something else. But the places are beautiful! Sopgia, mountain rivers, rocks, waterfalls, road workers, serpentines, etc. Make a ride with an open mouth.
I could not resist and redeemed in r. Anyu. True, he had to dry in the car, as soon as he got to the shore, was immediately attacked by blinders, and the expression of their face did not foretell anything good. Only at night we arrived at Khabarovsk Airport, where they were joined for security purposes.
In the morning they met brother with her daughter and went to walk along the capital of the Far Eastern region. Brother, of course, was impressed, since the Far Eastern landscape differs significantly from Volzhsky.
And in the evening they went on the road.
Looking ahead, it should be noted that families traveling in this way, but there is. Mostly travel Far Eastern. Maybe residents of the western part of Russia prefer to go to Europe? By the way, in the future we plan to do so.
The first night was unsuccessful, since it was not possible to find a suitable night in time.
Already late at night we stopped near the cafes, "by the lake." I slept exactly two hours in the car and as soon as a little later, drinking a cup of coffee, we rushed further. On the way, they stayed to eat, swim, fished, photographed and just rested.
I tried to spend the night in a tent in the parking lots, where truckers stop (they know where to stop safely).
As it turned out, the destruction of the Amur region turned out to be the most good, well-maintained (it is a pity that Comrade Putin rolled only her, it was necessary to collect pieces twenty "Kalin" and go to Moscow).
In the Chita region along the road began to appear settlements, and only pointers on the Amur highway. In the village of Amazar, they decided to dilute our diet to local food. In the shop to myself, we celebrated the strangeness: all buyers took the products for record and only we - for cash (probably, it was also necessary to open an account). This seller did not embarrass, but in the queue crawling an unpleasant whisper. Our local guys already disassembled our local men, and we, not silent fate, quietly washed off. Also, everyone noted that they did not meet a single smiling face.
Already in the evening, a trucker who corrects the cargo was met, and they asked him, where nearby could stay nearby. He crossed himself and he said that at our place he would never stay anywhere before the cheat. There is a more or less safe place in the parking lot in Chernyshevsk. And the nearest refueling is located in the city of Mogoca, we headed there.
When I saw this refueling, I remembered my childhood. Yeah, sincere time, the arrow is the same. I was somewhat surprised when in my 60-liter tank where there was still 5 gasoline liters, almost 80 liters were included. I received a convincing answer to my question: "Now I will invite experts, they will check the capacity of your tank."
I did not wait "experts", and we went to Chernyshevsk. At night, we found this parking lot, gave 200 rubles a security guard, who apparently, from fatigue barely kept on the legs and the whole family again lay down in the car. Early in the morning went to the cheat. Kilometers 10 to the city stopped dinner. For two hours of rest, we went to us twice the city and ... From the soul wished us a pleasant journey, worried if we need help, told, under what tree and where what kind of mushroom grows and what a berry is growing. We almost got sacred, but somehow restrained in a raised mood drove into this beautiful city. Visited Chita dasan ...
and strolled through the streets ...
... bought a duty plate, magnet and went further. Aged in the "flying", there and grew up.
Buryatia impressed us with their variety of paints and extensive valleys.
Still, our country is so diverse and attractive that I want to visit these places again and again. To arrive in Ulan-Ude, I had to deviate from the route and not in vain, the city also liked.
To be honest, we got lost a little in the city. Whether I did not notice the pointer, whether it was not at all, but the departure from the city did not immediately. In short, we arrived at Baikal at 21:30 and broke the tent in the village of the Embassy.
And in the morning, my wife and I got fastened, although the water was cold. They went on an excursion to the male monastery ...
Only in the evening I got to Irkutsk. The city is interesting, but the inhabitants disappointed us. At the entrance to the city, I stopped before a pedestrian crossing, and pedestrians, surprised, rushed to walk the road. We laughed, of course, but when I went with the children myself, the arrogant drivers almost stuck. Drivers do not respect pedestrians and each other. I was cut four times, barely left the collision. Nightmare! And in the Irkutsk region there is a town of Nizhneudinsk, so there are no roads at all. I did not meet worse than the road. One local driver said that every year they promise to restore asphalt coating, but everyone was already accustomed to this off-road.
On the ninth day, travel arrived in Krasnoyarsk. I really liked the city. Met family from Komsomolsk-on-Amur, also travelers, each year go somewhere. And the next day I visited Kemerovo - a very cozy and glorious city, ...
... and Novosibirsk. In Novosibirsk, ride on the subway, walked to fame.
Passing Omsk, really faced an anomaly - the navigator failed in a strange way. True, Omsk specialists won this anomaly.
On this day we decided not to wash out in the river, as usual, but in a regular roadside bath. Emotions overwhelmed, after all, it is necessary for happiness.
But Chelyabinsk disappointed - the garbage, apparently, did not have time to remove to our arrival. But the magnets with harsh Chelyabinsk men in the Red Cowards are even debugging.
On the other side of the Urals, we visited Ufa, sparkling with their purity, slipped through the Naberezhnye Chelny and got into Kazan, where the only times of traffic police were stopped. But not because of the violation, but rather due to the curiosity of the worker of the traffic police.
Kazan also did not remain without our attention. Thus, in the car there were amulets of three religions (the Orthodox was acquired and covered together with the car in P. Vanino, Buddhist - purchased in Chita, Islamist - in Kazan), who together defended us throughout the journey.
In Cheboksary, we made a short stop, as Brother and daughter live in this glorious city; And already further we follow our family solely.
For the fourteenth day of travel, we visited Nizhny Novgorod and Vladimir. Of course, I wanted to walk there longer, but it was necessary to hurry home in Czechs.
These two weeks flew so quickly that neither I am with my wife nor children are tired, and even on the contrary, everyone liked it so much that in 2013 we are going to repeat this adventure. We want to deviate from the route and visit other places.
In general, we spent this journey:
Gasoline - 25,879 rubles.
Food - 6,728 rubles (as they facilitated mainly by their products).
Souvenirs - 7,850 rubles.
Communication - 1 150 rubles.
Parking - 250 rubles.
Other expenses - 896 rubles.
Total: no more than 43,000 rubles.
If anyone has questions - ask, reply: This email address is protected from spam bots. You must have JavaScript enabled to view. "\u003e ukhtanovi. @ mail. ru .