| Sunda Islands indone. Kepulauan Sunda, Sund. Kapuloan sunda |
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| File: Indonesia 2002 CIA map.jpg | |
| 2 ° 00 ′ S w. 110 ° 00 ′ in d. / 2.000 ° S w. 110.000 ° in. d. / -2.000; 110.000 Coordinates: | |
| Water area | Indian Ocean |
| Number of islands | more than 3000 islands |
| Largest island | Kalimantan |
| total area | 1,700,000 km² |
| Highest point | 4095 m |
| Country | Indonesia 22x20px Indonesia Malaysia 22x20px Malaysia Brunei 22x20px Brunei East Timor 22x20px East Timor |
| Population (2010) | 244.9 million people |
| Population density | 144,059 people / km² |
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Geography
Coordinates of extreme points: western - about. Breech, 95 gr. east, 5.5 gr. N, eastern - about. Waigeo, 131 gr. east, 0 gr. latitude, north - about. Bungei, 177.5 gr. east, 7 gr. N, southern - about. Roti, Cape Bois, 123 gr. E, 11 g S
The total area of \u200b\u200bthe archipelago is more than 1.7 million km².
The Sunda Islands are divided into two groups:
- Big Sunda Islands: Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi.
- Small Sunda Islands: Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba, Timor, Barat-Daya, Flores, Sava and others.
The Great Sunda Islands have an area of \u200b\u200b1.5 million km², the Small Sunda Islands - 128 thousand km², the Moluccas - 83.7 thousand km². The largest island - Kalimantan (Borneo) - an area of \u200b\u200b734 thousand km². In total, the archipelago includes more than 3,000 islands.
All the Big and most of the Small Sunda Islands are surrounded by many very small islands. A special place near Sumatra is occupied by the Mentawai archipelago (of which the largest is Siberut). In the east, the Selatan Timur group includes Tanimbar Islands, Kai Islands, and Aru Islands. The Moluccas include the islands of Halmacher, Seram, Morotai, Misool, the islands of Ob, Buru, and others. Some experts consider the Moluccas to be a separate archipelago, which is essentially a pure convention. Together with the neighboring Philippine archipelago, Sunda constitutes a larger entity - the Malay archipelago.
The Sunda Islands are predominantly mountainous, but there are two vast lowlands on Kalimantan, and one on Sumatra. The highest points of the islands: Kinabalu, 4100 m (Kalimantan), Kerinchi, 3805 m (Sumatra), Semeru, 3676 m (Java), Rantokombola, 3455 m (Sulawesi), Segara Rinjani on about. Lombok, 3676 m (Malye Zondskie), on about. Seram, 3018 m. On the archipelago of more than 130 volcanoes, this is a zone of increased seismic activity.
From the outside, the archipelago is washed by the South China Sea and Arafura. There are numerous inland seas inside the archipelago (see list below): Rivers are mostly mountainous, short and stormy. The largest rivers are on Kalimantan: Kapuas, Barrito, Kayan, Rajang; in Sumatra - Hari, originates on the Kerinci volcano.
The Sunda Islands are divided by the following inter-island seas:
The climate of the Sunda archipelago is equatorial and subequatorial (in the southern part of the archipelago). Forests are evergreen moist, in some places there are shrouds. The temperature in January is 24 ° C above zero, in July it reaches 32 ° C above zero. There are a lot of precipitation. On Kalimantan and the west coast of Sumatra - 3000 mm / year. In the remaining areas, 2,000 or more. The flora and fauna are very rich.
Story
Population
The archipelago is populated by numerous peoples of different cultural levels, related in language, speaking the languages \u200b\u200bof the Indonesian language branch, which is part of a larger family of Austronesian languages.
Economy
Minerals: oil, tin, bauxite, nickel, copper, manganese, zinc, chromium, lead. 60% of the territory is occupied by forests with valuable tropical tree species. In the Lesser Sunda Islands, land is predominantly occupied by agricultural land, rice, corn and industrial crops. In agricultural and industrial terms, the most developed island is Java.
see also
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Literature
- Encyclopedic Geographic Dictionary, ed. V.M. Kotlyakova, M.-2003.
- V.A. Aprodov. Volcanoes, M.-1982.
- Educational atlas of the world, GUGK, M.-1968.
- The reference card "Indonesia", GUGK, M.-1974.
- A. Kondrashov, Directory of necessary knowledge, M.-2001.
Excerpt from the Sunda Islands
- Hello! - smiling cheerfully, she said. - I'm Stella. How do you like my world? ..- Hello, Stella! I cautiously answered. - The truth here is very beautiful. Why do you call him yours?
“But because I created it!” - the little girl chirped even more fun.
I was stunned to open my mouth, but I couldn’t say anything ... I felt that she was telling the truth, but I couldn’t even imagine how this could be created, all the more so, speaking about it so carelessly and easily ...
- Grandma likes it too. - Pretty girl said.
And I realized that “grandmother” she calls the same unusual old woman with whom I just had a nice conversation and who, like her equally unusual granddaughter, led me into a real shock ...
“Are you completely alone here?” I asked.
- When how ... - the girl became sad.
“Why don't you call your friends?”
“I don’t have them ...” the baby whispered quite sadly.
I did not know what to say, fearing to upset even more this strange, lonely and so sweet creature.
- Do you want to see something else? - as if waking up from sad thoughts, she asked.
I just nodded back, deciding to leave her conversation, because I didn’t know what else could upset her and didn’t want to try it at all.
“Look, that was yesterday,” Stella said more cheerfully.
And the world turned upside down ... The crystal city disappeared, and instead of it a kind of “southern” landscape blazed with bright colors ... My throat was caught in surprise.
“And you, too? ..” I asked carefully.
She nodded proudly with her curly red head. It was very funny to watch her, as the girl was really seriously proud of what she managed to create. And who would not be proud of?!. She was a perfect baby, who, laughing, in between cases, created new incredible worlds for herself, and immediately replaced the boring ones with others, like gloves ... To be honest, there was nothing to be shocked of. I tried to understand what was happening here? .. Stella was clearly dead, and her essence was communicating with me all this time. But where we were and how she created these “worlds” was, for the time being, a complete mystery to me.
- Do you not understand something? - the girl was surprised.
- Speaking honestly - how else! I exclaimed frankly.
“But you can do so much more?” - the baby was even more surprised.
“More? ..” I asked, stunned.
She nodded, funny tilting her red head to the side.
“Who showed you all this?” - cautiously, afraid of something accidentally offending her, I asked.
“Well, of course, grandmother.” - As if for granted she said. - At the beginning I was very sad and lonely, and my grandmother was very sorry for me. So she showed me how to do it.
And then I finally realized that it really was her world, created only by the power of her thoughts. This girl did not even understand what a treasure she was! But grandmother, I think, just understood this very well ...
As it turned out, Stella died a few months ago in a car accident, in which her whole family also died. There was only a grandmother, for whom at that time there simply wasn’t any place in the car ... And who almost went crazy after learning about her terrible, irreparable trouble. But, the strangest thing was, Stella didn’t fall, as everyone usually did, at the same levels in which her family was. Her body possessed a high essence, which after death went to the highest levels of the Earth. And so the girl was left completely alone, since her mother, dad and older brother were apparently the most ordinary, ordinary people who did not differ in any special talents.
“Why don't you find someone here where you live now?” I asked again carefully.
“I found ... But they are all kind of old and serious ... not like you and me.” - the girl whispered thoughtfully.
Suddenly, she suddenly smiled merrily and her sweet little face immediately shone with a bright bright sun.
“Do you want me to show you how to do this?”
I just nodded, agreeing, very afraid that she would change her mind. But the girl was clearly not going to “change her mind”, on the contrary - she was very happy to find someone who was almost her peer, and now, if I understood something, she was not going to let me go so easily ... This “ perspective ”completely suited me, and I prepared to listen carefully about her incredible miracles ...
“Everything is much easier here than on Earth,” Stella was twittering, very pleased with the attention paid, “you just have to forget about the“ level ”that you still live on (!) And focus on what you want to see . Try to imagine very accurately, and it will come.
I tried to disconnect from all extraneous thoughts - it did not work. For some reason this has always been difficult for me.
Then, finally, everything disappeared somewhere, and I remained hanging in complete emptiness ... There was a feeling of Complete Peace, so rich in its fullness that it was impossible to experience on Earth ... Then the emptiness began to fill with a fog sparkling with all the colors of the rainbow, which is becoming more and more and denser more, becoming like a brilliant and very dense ball of stars ... Smoothly and slowly this “ball” began to weave and grow until it looked like a gigantic spiral sparkling in its beauty, the end of which was “sprayed” with thousands of stars q and went somewhere into the invisible distance ... I was stunned to look at this fabulous unearthly beauty, trying to understand how and where it came from? .. It could not even have crossed my mind that I created it in my imagination really ... And yet, I couldn’t get rid of the very strange feeling that THIS was my real home ...
The Sunda Islands represent an archipelago in Southeast Asia - it is between the Pacific and Indian Ocean. It is located between New Guinea and the Malacca Peninsula. It consists of large and many small islands, most of which belong to Indonesia. Kalimantan is the northern part of the island that belongs to Malaysia. Part of the island belongs to the state of East Timor, a small part to the state of Brunei. In total there are more than 3000 islands in the archipelago. The area of \u200b\u200bthe archipelago is 1, 6 million km². The islands are divided into the Great Sunda Islands and the Small Sunda Islands.
The Big ones include Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi. Small Sunda Islands are Bali, Barat-Daya, Lombok, Sumbawa, Sava, Timor, and Flores. The area of \u200b\u200bthe Big Sunda Islands is 1.5 million km2, the area of \u200b\u200bthe Small - 128 thousand km2.
Basically, the territory of the islands is mountainous, its vast lowlands are on Sumatra and Kalimantan. The archipelago has more than 130 volcanoes and belongs to the zone of seismic activity. The South China and Arafura Seas are washed by an archipelago from the outside. Inside the archipelago, the inter-island seas are the Yavan, the Sulu, Sulawesi, Sava, Flores, Banda, Seram, Molucca, Timor seas. Here the equatorial and marine tropical air dominates, the temperature in January is + 24 ° C, in July + 32 ° C, constantly high humidity, a large amount of precipitation falls from 2000 to 3000 mm per year. Evergreen forests, with shrouds encountered. Plant and animal life is rich and diverse.
malay geographic archipelago
Big Sunda Islands
The Great Sunda Islands (indon. Kepulauan Sunda Besar, Sund. Kapuloan Sunda Geded) - a group of islands in Indonesia. Together with the Small Sunda Islands they form the Sunda archipelago.
The Great Sunda Islands represent the border between the Pacific Ocean (more precisely, one of its seas, the South China Sea) and the Indian Ocean. With a total area of \u200b\u200b1.5 million km² and a population of about 180 million inhabitants, the Great Sunda Islands are the largest island group in the world (only Greenland is slightly larger in area).
The Great Sunda Islands include Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Bali and some others. In total, the Malay Archipelago has about 10,000 islands as part of the Sunda Group. The Sunda archipelago closes the tip of the main fire belt of the Eastern Hemisphere. Indonesia accounts for the most active part of this belt. 63 volcanoes are located here, of which 37 are active.
The sleepy volcano in the southeast of Luzon Island, called Mayon ("beautiful"), is noteworthy. Its height is 2462 m. Over the past 2 centuries Mayon erupted about 20 times.
The large number of victims is explained by the fact that the catastrophe occurred just on the day when the faithful gathered on the volcano to hold a sacrifice ceremony once every 100 years.
The eruption of Tambora (2821 m) on the island of Sumbawa occurred in 1815. 3 years before this disaster, the volcano showed concern. On its slopes near the summit, numerous cracks formed, from which hot gas jets burst with hissing. Gases in the volcanic channel of Tambora on April 5, 1815 exploded. The volcano had a height of 4 km, but the explosion tore off its peak. Almost 100 km of rocks turned into fragments, and the height of the hill decreased by 1200 m. At the top of the cone was the widest caldera, the depth of which reached 700 m and a width of 6 x 6.5 km. Monstrous power roar was heard within a radius of 1400 km - on Kalimantan, Java, Sulawesi, Timor and other islands.
The largest Sunda Islands are of considerable age. This is part of the land of Southeast Asia, largely completed by volcanoes.
Tremors periodically shake the island of Sumbawa, recalling the eruption in 1815 of the highest local volcano Tam-bora, the geological structure of which is shown. The eruption of Tambora killed 92,000 people.
About 5 million years ago, almost all of these islands had land connections, however, when at the end of the Ice Age, the level of the World Ocean increased significantly, land areas immediately became isolated.
The volcano Keli Mutu (Kelimutu) has three craters, each has a lake with colored water: one is blue, the other is scarlet, and the third is milky white. Water in the first two has acquired color due to salts of copper and iron, and in the third - due to the work of sulfur bacteria.
Since then, volcanic processes have been very rapid, as a result of which many real volcanic islands arose in the vicinity of the former mainland land. Rapid volcanism, which is characteristic of many islands from the Sunda group to this day, significantly affects the local relief, changing their outlines.
Where are the Great Sunda Islands? They belong to the Malay archipelago. The islands are located in the region between the two oceans - the Pacific and the Indian. In the north they border
a brief description of
The area of \u200b\u200bthe islands is just over 1.5 million square meters. km They consist of 4 large islands, as well as a large number of small ones, such as Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi and others. The Big Sunda Islands are the largest island group on the planet. About 180 million people live on the islands.
Let's take a closer look at some of the islands in this group.
Kalimantan
The largest of the Great Sunda Islands is Kalimantan (another name is Borneo). Its area is 743 thousand square meters. km He is one of the three largest islands of the planet. Another feature of the island is that its territory is divided immediately between several countries: Brunei, Malaysia and Indonesia. Kalimantan is washed immediately by 4 seas and 2 straits. If we compare all the Great Sunda Islands, then only on Kalimantan the flat terrain prevails. However, mountainous terrain is also present in this land area. The highest peak of the island is Kinabalu (more than 4 thousand m). Also on the territory of Borneo is the active volcano Bombalay. The river system is also relatively densely represented. The largest river is the Capuas. It has a length of more than one thousand kilometers. Other major rivers are Barito, Mahakam, Rajang.
Sumatra
Located to the west of Kalimantan. In a system such as the Great Sunda Islands, it is the second largest in terms of size, and sixth in the world ranking. Its area is more than 470 thousand square meters. km Geographically owned by the state of Indonesia. The equatorial border runs along the central part of the island, dividing this land area into two identical parts located in different hemispheres. Sumatra has an elongated shape. In the southwestern part of the island, mountainous terrain prevails, where there are a large number of active volcanoes. Sumatra is a seismically active region of the planet. Earthquakes are not uncommon. The highest point is Kerinci Volcano (3,800 m). The rest of the island is a plain. There are many rivers in Sumatra.
Sulawesi
The third largest island - Sulawesi, has an area of \u200b\u200b174 thousand square meters. km Located east of Kalimantan. It is washed by two seas - the Banda and Sulawesi, and the shape of this island is unique and interesting. It consists of four pronounced, oblong peninsulas connecting in the western part. These so-called branches are mostly flat type. The population lives in these territories. The central part is mountainous, and therefore the connection between the peninsulas is quite complicated.
Java
Describing the Great Sunda Islands, one can not help but talk about Java. This is the smallest of all that are included in this system. Java has an area of \u200b\u200babout 130 thousand square meters. km The island is very elongated from east to west. Its length is more than one thousand kilometers. This land plot belongs to the state located on this island. Mountains occupy its central territory, the rest of it is the jungle. The population lives mainly on the coast of the island, since in the distance from it there are simply no conditions for a normal life of people.
Conclusion
The large Sunda Islands belong to the equatorial climate zone, and also have rich flora and fauna. This territory is not deprived of minerals. There are large reserves of tin and oil. The population is engaged in tropical agriculture, actively exporting spices, rubber, rice, tea and coconut products.
Sumba Together with the Big Sunda Islands (Sumatra, Java, Borneo) they make up the Malay Archipelago, and it, in turn, is part of Indonesia, the largest island nation in the world. From the north of the island, the Sea of \u200b\u200bFlores and the Banda Sea are washed, from the south - the Timor Sea and other, smaller seas of the Indian Ocean. The eastern part of the largest island of the Lesser Sunda Islands - Timor is occupied by the independent state of East Timor, and it also includes several small islands off the coast.
Story
Scientists date the beginning of the geological history of the Lesser Sunda Islands to the Paleocene (about 65.5 million years ago), when some of them appeared on the surface of the ocean as a result of volcanic processes in the earth's crust at the junction of the Australian and Pacific plates. Another part of the islands of the archipelago is of coral origin. Streams of magma that “warmed” the islands born of underwater volcanoes moved them to the near southern tip of the Eurasian Plate. From the interaction of already three plates, the islands received new geological metamorphoses, decreased or, conversely, increased in size, but finally decided on the location. This can be said about most of the islands of the archipelago, but not all. The island of Flores, according to some geologists, was once part of the Australian Plate, although others believe that it is of volcanic origin, because the volcano, however inactive, is present on it.
This volcano, Kelimutu (1639 m), has three crater lakes that periodically change color, which is unusually beautiful, but this phenomenon has not yet been unequivocally explained. The islands of Sumba, Timor and Babar are also considered fragments of Australia. It is only necessary to bear in mind that not a single geological theory of the origin of the Lesser Sunda Islands, with the exception of islands with visible volcanic history, can be called universally recognized in the scientific world. Most of these theories have arisen quite recently - at the end of the 20th century. - and still need verification. There is such a theory: some of the islands of the archipelago are fragments of the Eurasian Plate. One way or another, but today the islands are at the junction of the Eurasian and Australian plates and are part of the Sunda mountain arc, which has an external and internal contour and is surrounded by deep oceanic depressions. This arc is considered part of the Himalayan fold system. Between the islands of Bali and Lombok, the Wallace line (named after the British geographer and biologist A.R. Wallace, who explored the islands and travels to Indonesia in 1854-1862) is a biogeographic section between the natural systems of South Asia on the one hand and Australia and New Guinea - with another.
The Lesser Sunda Islands enter a region of tectonic activity called the Pacific belt (ring) of fire. In 1815, the Tambora volcano erupted on Sumbawa Island, which is still considered the most powerful eruption in the world. Its consequences were felt even after a year - 1816 remained in the history of Europe and North America as “a year without summer”: clouds of volcanic dust Tambora, which reached these continents, still dominated there. By the time of the eruption, Tambora reached a height of 4300 m. Now this figure is 2821 m, but the volcano is active. And the most powerful active volcano of the Lesser Sunda Islands is Rinjani on the island of Lombok. In addition to Lombok and Sumbawa, the largest islands of the archipelago have significant volcanoes, and its most famous island, Bali, has two active volcanoes on it: Agung (3142 m) and Batur (1717 m).
The Small Sunda Islands is one of those places on Earth where the fusion of different cultures took place especially whimsically, although to some extent predictably.
It is believed that a homo erectus (Homo erectus) entered Bali about 1 million years ago, through Sandaland (Malacca Peninsula, the islands of Kalimantan, Java and Sumatra with adjacent islands). Now these parts of the land are located on the continental shelf of Asia, and during the ice age they were the southern tip of the mainland and the sea level between Java and Bali was much lower, if any. In addition, there is evidence of the development of this species of ancient people of the other islands of Indonesia. And the most reliable ancient evidence of the development of homo sapiens, by rational man, of the Small Sunda Islands - silicon tools, which are about 130 thousand years old, found by archaeologists in East Timor, others, from the bones of elephants that have died out here, are at least 100 thousand years old, - on the island of Flores. About 40 thousand years, migration began to the Indonesian islands from Southeast Asia. Linguists, based on a linguistic analysis of 68 languages \u200b\u200bof the archipelago, believe that the main wave of migration of the tribes of the Austronesian group from New Guinea and Australia happened about 5000 years ago. At the same time, domestic animals appear on the islands - goats, pigs, dogs, and later - buffaloes. About 2000 years ago, Timor was first reached by seafarers from China and India. They were primarily interested in white sandalwood, local endemic, and, of course, spices. They also delivered these goods to the countries of the Middle East and Egypt. Bronze drums (Dongjong culture) from the Indochina peninsula, I c. BC e. - I c., Were discovered on the islands of Sumbawa and Roti. In Bali, the first state formations (kingdoms) appeared in the X century. In the XIII century. Islam comes here, most likely with Arab merchants. In the XII-XIV centuries. more than once the Islamic kingdoms of Java and Sumatra presented their claims to the islands, but, as a rule, these claims remained unfounded: there were not enough forces to conquer the rulers. A communal ancient way of life on the islands with rituals of worshiping the spirits of mountains, underground forces has survived to this day, and Islam is not an obstacle to this, like Catholicism, and Protestantism brought by Europeans in the XVI-XVII centuries, and other religions.
In 1522, Magellan's ships docked with Timor (Magellan himself had been killed the year before on the Philippine island of Mactan), and in 1610 the Dutch appeared there (the Dutch East India Company). They did not succeed in building a real colony, and they acted on the principle of "divide and conquer", supporting one or the other local king, and their main interests were in commerce, because of their primacy in which they competed with each other. In 1816, Indonesia entered the Dutch colonies under the name of the Dutch East Indies. During World War II, in 1942, Japan occupied Indonesia. On August 17, 1945, one of the founders of the Indonesian National Party, Sukarno, proclaimed the independence of Indonesia, and himself as its president. After this, the war of the army of Sukarno began, first with the English, and then with the Dutch troops. The Indonesians won. In 1949, the UN recognized the independence of Indonesia.
Further development of the Small Sunda Islands is primarily associated with tourism, it has become an economic priority since the 1970s. As a tourist destination, the island of Bali leads. But something interesting can be found on all islands of the archipelago. And no one passes Komodo Island, where you can watch the huge monitor lizard - the "Komodo dragon." Lizards of this species also live on other islands - Flores, Rincha, Geely Motang.
general information
Group of islands in the Malay archipelago of Indonesia. Together with the Great Sunda Islands they form the Sunda archipelago.The Small Sunda Islands constitute the administrative region of the Republic of Indonesia.
Administrative division: the provinces of Bali, the Western Sunda Islands (Nusa Tenggara Barat) and the Eastern Sunda Islands (Nusa Tenggara Timor).
Administrative centers and major cities: Mataram on the island of Lombok (Nusa Tenggara Barat province), Kupang on the island of Timor (Nusa Tenggara province Timor), Denpasar on the island of Bali.
Languages: Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia, approved in 1945 as official, by origin - one of the Malay dialects), as well as another 67 languages \u200b\u200bbelonging to the Malay-Polynesian or Austronesian language family, except the Malay-Creole language, Malay kupang, which 200 thousand inhabitants of the city of Kupang are used.
Ethnic composition: the most numerous ethnic groups are the Balinese (the island of Bali, about 4 million people), the Sasaki on the island of Lombok and the Sumbavans on the island of Sumbawa, as well as the Chinese, Indians, Pakistanis, Arabs, Japanese, Polynesians. The number of white immigrants from Australia and Europe is small.
Religions: Islam (Sunni persuasion), Hinduism with a strong influence of Buddhism (Hindu Bali) on the island of Bali, part of the Sasaks on the island of Lombok also adhere to it; Christianity: Catholicism (mainly on the island of Flores), Protestantism (mainly on the island of Timor), Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, animism, combined with official denominations.
The most important airports are: the international airports are Ngurah Ray (Denpasar, Bali Island), Eltari (Kupang, Timor Island), Bandara (Praia, Lombok Island).
Figures
Total area: 87,000 km 2.Population: 12,000,000
Population density: 137.9 people / km 2.
Highest point: Rinjani volcano on the island of Lombok (3726 m).
Climate and weather
Subequatorial monsoon, relatively dry.
During the southeastern monsoon, coming from the deserts of Australia, the dry season begins, it rains, but the moisture evaporates quickly.
Precipitation falls under the influence of the northwest monsoon, which prevails in the local latitudes from October to April.
Temperature on the coast all year round: +27 - + 29 ° С.
Daily temperature fluctuations in the lowlands: +24 - + 33 ° С.
Average annual rainfall: 1500-2000 mm.
Air humidity: 80-90% in the rainy season, 40-60% in the period of the dry Australian monsoon.
sights
■ Timor Island: Kupang (colonial architecture), Taman Visata Kamplong Nature Reserve.■ Bali Island: the temple complex of Pura Besakikh (Temple of the Mother) on the slope of the sacred mountain Agung, Taman Ayun - the main temple of the kingdom of Mengwi, the temple of Pura Ulun Danu on Lake Bratan, the temple of Tanah Lot, the temple of Uluwatu, where the Kecak dance performance is held, Goa Gaja - temple "in graze the demon ”, Buddhist monastery Brahma Vshara ashram, Botanical garden in the caldera of Batur volcano, Klungkung Royal House, Git-Git waterfall, Kavi volcano, Bali Museum, Arts Center.
■ Lombok Island: Chakranegara city - the Hindu temple of Pura Meru, the temple of three religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam) Pura Lingsar, the city of Ampenan - Maritime Museum, Mayura Park, the Royal Garden of Narmada, Rinjani Volcano, Otokokok Falls.
■ Sumbawa Island: Bima city - Palace of the Sultan (collection of crowns and daggers decorated with precious stones), Subava-Besar city - royal palace on stilts, Tambora volcano, Mauo National Park.
■ Flores Island: three lakes of the cooling volcano Kelimutu, the city of Larantuca is a Portuguese port on the nearby island of Salor.
■ Komodo Island - excursions to the habitats of Komodo’s monitor lizard, growing up to 3 m in length.
■ Sumba Island: Megalithic monuments near the villages of Tarung, Pasunga, Sodan and in the vicinity of the city of Waikabubak.
■ In 2003, the remains of a skeleton of a miniature hominid species with a growth of about 1 m and a brain volume of about 400 cm 3 were discovered on the island of Flores, which is three times smaller than the brain of a modern person. This species was called the Florentine Man, although the wits immediately stuck the nickname “The Hobbit” to him. It is assumed that this species appeared about 95 thousand years ago, and died out about 12 thousand years ago due to the eruption of the volcano.
■ There are about 230 holidays on the island of Bali, and ceremonial processions take place in almost all of them, symbolizing reverence for the gods of the invisible world: if you forget about them, misfortunes will begin in the visible world. The processions are always very colorful, thanks to including colored umbrellas, which are extremely popular in Bali. Women carry baskets with gifts to the gods on their heads. And since they have been doing this since their early youth, all as one have excellent posture.