The deserts are heard by deserted and lifeless, but at the same time they are incredibly beautiful, especially when looking at them from above. Different types of sand, topography, wind and climate - all this creates a colossal number of landscapes. The wandering dunes form an infinite number of permanently changing figures. The photographs in this collection were made by astronauts and from satellites and captured the most ...
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The deserts are heard by deserted and lifeless, but at the same time they are incredibly beautiful, especially when looking at them from above. Different types of sand, topography, wind and climate - all this creates a colossal number of landscapes. The wandering dunes form an infinite number of constantly changing figures.
Photos in this collection were made by astronauts and from satellites and captured the most beautiful, the most memorable, huge desert areas of our planet.
Algerian sandy sea
Sandy Sea (erg) Issaouane extends on 39000 sq. Km In East Algeria. This sandy sea in the center of the Sahara desert consists of three types of dunes. Mega-dunes, also known as whale backs formed hundreds of thousands of years and reach hundreds of kilometers long. Mesoscale dunes form the top of the mega-dunes, their gradual displacement can be seen only after decades. Smaller dunes are formed around dunes bigger size. They take various forms under the influence of winds and are in constant motion.
In the photograph made by astronauts of the ISS in 2005, mesoscale dunes took the forms of star dunes, resembling a starfish, and sickle dunes.
* Click to see photos of more resolution
In the photograph made by Astronauts of the ISS in 2006, huge rounded forms - mega-dunes. The dunes of the smallest size look like wrinkles against the background of large dunes.
Imperial dunes California
The Aldonon Dune Field, located on the border between Mexico and Arizona with California, reaches almost 10 km wide and stretched 70 km. These dunes received the greatest fame as the Dunes of the Tatinen Planet in the Universe Star Wars. On their expanses is the official National Parkwhich is headed by the bureau of the land management. The only artificial structure among Dunes is the American channel, which makes his way through the dunes near their rise in agricultural land of Mexico. It can be seen on the right in the photo. The photo was made by astronauts from the board of the ISS in 2005.
White Sands in New Mexico
Sands of the Dunes of the White Sands National Monument National Park are particles of gypsum - evaporite mineral, which accumulated as a result of evaporation of large waters. At the place of these dunes, a small sea dried several hundred million years ago. Several thousand years ago, a huge lake was evaporated. Such dunes are quite rare, because the gypsum is usually easily dissolved in water and is subsequently dealt with rivers. Here, its particles have been preserved due to the fact that from the pool, where they are, there is no way out to the sea. In turn, the water from the rivers flowing into this pool, and the plaster did not wash away.
Dunes in South New Mexico covers an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 700 square kilometers. Almost half of the square is under the protection of the National Park. This area of \u200b\u200bthe terrain was made using Advanced Land Imager from the side of the NASA Earth Observing-1 satellite.
Rub-El Hali Desert (Empty Quarter) in Saudi Arabia
This tagged desert is the largest in the world. sandy Morce and covers an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 580,000 square kilometers. The photo shows its part, located in Saudi Arabia, but this sea is also on the territory of Yemen, Oman and the UAE.
Gray and white spots between pink sands are plains covered with dry salt. Temperature in rub-el-khali (literally can be translated as "empty quarter") reaches 54 ° C. Only some types of plants, spiders and rodents living here can survive in such a heat. Sand covers one of the richest oil areas in the world.
This photo was made in 2001. Using Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM +) on the Landsat 7 satellite belonging to NASA / USGS. Below you can look at the photo of the dunes near. More about Rub-El Hali, you can learn from this video National Geographic.
Dune Tiffernine in Algeria
This part of the Sugar Desert, located in the east of Algeria, is adjacent to the Tingrhert Dark Gray Plateau. On top of the old large dunes under the action of winds, star dunes were formed, and sedimentary rocks together with salt were gathered in small carts between the dunes. Now the climate there is dry and hot, but carved valley rivers on the border of the plateau testify to the more humid climate in the past.
This photo was made by astronauts from the board of the ISS in August 2009.
Lake Ungyanga, Chad
These finance lakes are what remaining from one large lakewhich began to decrease approximately 5.5 thousand years ago. The sand was bothering the wind and partially filled the lake pool, smashing it into several separate. Nine out of ten lakes are fresh, they take water from the aquifer underground. Ancient pollen, found among the sedimentary breed in the lakes, showed that there was a moderately tropical climate before in this area.
The highest and old dunes in the world
In the Namib desert, you can find dunes about three hundred meters high. They were carved by the winds that enjoy along the Atlantic coast of Namibia. National Park Namib-Naucloft, depicted here, is one of the largest parks of Africa. It inhabits hyenas, jackals, gecko and other rare animals. In addition, this desert is considered one of the oldest in the world - the climate here was dry another 55 million years ago. Today, its area falls on average only 6 cm of precipitation per year.
The next photo was made in 2000 by the Landsat-7 satellite under the control of NASA and USGS (U. S. Geological Survey).
This topographic image was created by combining photos made in 2002 with topological data obtained by ASTER equipment from the TERRA satellite. In 2009, he celebrated his tenth anniversary.
Big Sand Dunes Colorado
This meeting of the Dunes, located near the Mountains Sangra de Cristo in the south of Colorado, was assigned the status of a national monument in 1932 and the National Park in 2004. Every year it is visited by 300 thousand visitors. Despite the fact that these dunes cover the area slightly less than 80 square kilometers, they reach 230 m in height and are the highest dunes in the United States.
This photo National Park Big sand dunes (at the top) was made by Ikonos Sensor, located on board GeoEye satellite, in 2005.
Slightly painted sand dunes was formed from a sedimentary breed, which gradually disappeared due to the adjacent mountains and settled in the lake. The lake periodically stopped, and the wind blew out the breed from his bottom.
And this - ISS astronauts in 2007.
Sacatorium: Infusoria, who lost their cilia
Smooth, almost hypertension, flat-bottomed bowls, bored with huge dunes, which in turn are covered with small gear dunes, resemble honey cells in the very center of Sugara.
The sandy sea Murzuk in Libya contains numerous rows of such large dunes, called "drara". The dunes are smaller, which can be considered in the photo below, consist of a variety of star dunes, linear longitudinal dunes and curved transverse dunes. The unrealized side of the smaller dunes is smoother and colorful than the opposite side. This photo was made by the ISS astronauts in December 2008.
Lake Air in Australia
Strong rains in early 2009 began to fill the bottom of this huge dry lake in Simpson Desert in Queensland. In the photo you can see water falling into the lake. She was made on May 9 satellite Landsat-5. Plants and thousands of birds appear with water.
In the photo below, which was made by a satellite on February 18, it can be seen how dry this area remains most of the year.
Nude breeds in Sahara
Sand rivers, covered with dunes, bend around the naked rocky rock at this very dry and barren plot of sugar in Libya. This photo was made by the Terra satellite in 2002.
Shrama Australia
This part of the Simpson Desert on the Northern Territory of Australia is covered with a deserted shrub, which gives it a greenish tint and does not allow winds to shift dunes. However, the fire that happened here for the year before this photo was made in 2002, burned part of the vegetation, talking to the sands under it.
A strange pattern on the sand was caused, must be by turning the direction of winds by 90 degrees during a fire. This photo was made by Astronauts of the ISS.
Sand dunes that are the result of a centuries-old or even a thousand-year accumulation of sand caused by the wind, can be found worldwide - from arid desert areas that remain from prehistoric lakes and ocean lies to barriers between the land and sea. The sand dunes of many centuries defended the land from the harsh winds and the water level lifting, and also provided unique places Habitat for numerous species of animals that adapted to a rough, sand medium. As in the case of any mountains, when it comes to size and structure, some dunes are many times superior.
1. Dune in Pile (Dune du Pyla), France
This massive mound, located right in the middle of a huge pine forest, at the Atlantic Ocean, and the French Arcachon Bay (Arcachon Bay) is the highest dune in Europe. The top with which the breathtaking view of the surrounding contrast of nature opens, the height of this huge dune is more than 100 meters, and it rises above the waters of the bay by weight of 106 meters. How this dune actually formed still remains a mystery, but this is one of the hidden tourist treasures of France.
2. Big Daddy (Big Daddy), Namibia
The sand dune called Big Daddy, which rises above the landscape of Namibia by 304 meters, attracts tourists and locals, offering to spend a day, engaged in climbing on her rusty red slopes. Some do it for unforgettable species opening from the top, others will then boast others. Be the highest dune at the Sosusvlei Plateau (Sossusvlei) is a considerable feat. And although the dune number 7 (located along the Tsauchab River) is the highest dune in the Namib Desert desert, raising exactly on the Dune Big Daddy is considered one of the mandatory classes in this arid, deserted climate. Probably, this is because it is much more fun to say: "I climbed at Big Daddy (translated from of English language Big daddy means a "big daddy") "than to report that you spent the whole day, climbing on the dune number 7.
3. Inislas (Ynyslas), Wales
Pronounce the name of this place, the sand dunes of Inislas, maybe it is difficult, but it is necessary to visit this place. Here you can enjoy the contemplation of some of the most beautiful species in all Wales. Located on the very edge between the sea and land, the Inislace is an ever-changing palette of colors and forms, with wildflowers, scans on the slope facing the sea in summer time And the comb, which every year continues to grow, a millimeter per millimeter, due to the fact that the wind continues to apply sand here. In addition to the beauty of Dunes, Inislas also provides the necessary protection for the ecosystem of this area, forming a sandy wall between the vegetation of sushi and the harsh winds that breathe from the ocean.
4. Dunes Badain Jaran Dunes, China
If you intend to visit these dunes, then most likely you should bring with me headphones. The Chinese desert Badin-Jaran is the location of the highest fixed dunes on the planet, some of which reach 500 meters in height. The exact properties of these dunes held in place by water in some way leakageing from the lake located below are not accurately studied, but it is unlikely to be their most an interesting feature.
In addition to the installation of water absorption, Badin Jaran is also a place where the phenomenon is known as "singing sands", in which the topmost layer of sand causes an electrostatic charge in the layers below when the wind is demolished, as a result of which we hear massive low-frequency noise , similar to the hum of a propeller of an airplane flying over his head.
5. Mount Tempest (Mount Tempest), Australia
The Tempest Mountain in Australia can be one of the highest in the world, and the highest coastal dune in the world. Nevertheless, not these titles attract crowds of tourists to Queensland (Queensland), which are coming specifically in order to get on the eve of the desert slope of the dune. The dune is held by vegetation, which goes deep in the sand deep, and the top view is a magnificent spectacle, both for day tourists and professional photographers, opening a panoramic view of the area from Sunshine Coast to Brisbane (Brisbane).
6. Dune Rig-E Yalan Dune, Iran
Only a few dunes in the world can boast that they are towering more than 304 meters above sea level, the Iranian dune Riga Yale claims not because of its height, but due to the temperature. The desert in which this dune is located is only a few kilometers from the hottest place on earth, where temperatures exceed 65 degrees Celsius. While on the top of the dunes, the Riga Yane, probably a little cooler, climb on the dune, at a temperature sufficient for frying eggs, is still not recommended.
7. Serro Blanco (Cerro Blanco), Peru
Dune Serro Blanco, who alone sheltered between coastal and high Andes in South AmericaAs a rule, it is considered the highest lonely sand dune on the planet. White sand is the only dune in this area, reaches a height of 2133 meters above sea level and towers over the surrounding rocky mountains and valleys. Despite the fact that according to legend during the Inca, this dune was sacred Moz, today this giant is usually used by tourists as perfect place To master the surfing on sand and skating on SUVs.
8. Dunes Mesquite Flats (Mesquite Flats), California, USA
Despite the fact that less than one percent of the territory of the Death Valley National Park (Death Valley) is covered with dunes, sand dunes Mesquite Flatz is probably the first thing that comes to mind when this valley is mentioned. These dunes, of course, do not claim to be the highest, given that the height of the highest of them is less than 30 meters, but they are huge and reach for kilometers, providing local residents And tourists huge expanses for walking.
9. Rub-El Hali (RUB` Al Khali), Saudi Arabia
Dunes of Rub-El-Khali, located in Saudi Arabia (RUB` Al Khali literally translates as an "empty quarter") cover an area of \u200b\u200b647,497 square kilometers. Sand dunes rise from the Earth, like waves in the sea, which alternate with extensive plains of gypsum. A trip to these dunes will be sufficient for you to feel "Lawrence Arabian", sitting on top of the 76-meter mountain of reddish quartz sand, and enjoying the view of the endless desert.
10. Great Sand Dunes (Great Sand Dunes), Colorado, USA
No description of the Dunes will not be complete without mentioning the great sand dunes located in the state of Colorado. Of course, they are not the most extensive in the world, and not even the largest, however, the great sand dunes are part of a unique natural contrast. Aruster dunes go down to the murmur creek creek (Medano Creek) on one side and climb the rocky blue Mountains on the other side. Due to the fact that the local sands are so soft and distributed in such a large area (77, 7 square kilometers), it perfect place For surfing on the sand, riding on sledding on the sand, and just sliding down like children on the playground.
Looking at the sand tons on the French coast, it seems that this is a joke of some kind of wizard: take a piece of sugar and move it here, in the water area of \u200b\u200bthe Biscay Bay near Arcashon Bay, gently setting on the border of coniferous forests in sixty kilometers from Bordeaux.
In fact, its appearance in Europe Dune is obliged to natural processes. Namely, the Ler River, which diligently from the century in the century carried the grain of grain into the ocean and left them on shames, located directly opposite the current dunes. And the wind, in turn, also diligently attracted sand ashore, to the place where Dune grew from the year.
Another 150 years ago, her height was small - only about 35 meters. However, the sand offensive could not be stopped - today the dune adds on average 4 meters per year, and at the same time it moves from side to side, and its height, depending on the wind, changes from 80 to 107 meters.
In general, the large dune stretched almost 3 kilometers along the coast and another 500 meters deep into the coniferous forest, which, by the way, appeared here at the will of man - was planted in the middle of the 19th century as a measure of draining local swamp lands.
Let's look at her more ...
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Snow-white dune dune, or Pilat (La Dune du Pyla, Pilat), located in the throat of Arkashon Bay (Bassin-Arkashon) in the south-west of France, is considered the largest in Europe. It has a height of 108 meters, stretching along the coast of more than three kilometers. The width of the sand vegan is the order of half a kilometer. Surrounded by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the century-old pine forests dune saws, there are eight thousand years of history: the sandy hills were formed on the coast as a result of the interaction of strong winds, tides and tides. With each decade, the dune moves further deep into the continent, gradually crowding out forest thickets, roads and private houses; On average, moving five meters per year.
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Dune Pila is one of the most popular natural attractions of the French Aquitaine: For the convenience of numerous travelers, a staircase is installed here, which can be climbed to the top of the hill. In the windy weather, however, it brings the sand so much that climbing on the barhankha is still independently.
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In terms of its volume, these sandnotes occupy one of the first places in the world. The dune has a volume of about 60 million cubic meters. Its height - 107m, width - 500m, and length - almost 3000 m.
5-7 meters each year overcomes the dune, which is moving deep into the mainland. At the same time, water erosion corps the sand from the bay side. Some scientists believe that through time this unique phenomenon may disappear from the face of the Earth.
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How was this dune formed?
More than eight thousand years ago, the formation of sandy deposits began. The sand came to the land for three reasons:
· Firstly, sea waters retreated from the shores;
· Secondly, strong winds contributed to the offensive of the desert;
· Thirdly, constant tides and fed barely bare the shore more and more.
Photo 6. 
Sand has a dazzling white color. On the one hand, the water of the Atlantic Ocean is splashing. From the Sushi side right to it come with century old pine forests. Contrast is accomplished. It seems incredible that sand is located next to the forest. Especially bright, this border of sand and vegetation is visible from a bird's eye view.
The miniature desert in the south-west of France attracts those who want to see the incredible neighborhood of sand and coniferous forest. More than a million people comes to these edges to make sure that indeed in France there is a real desert. From the foot of the vehana to the top of it for the convenience of travelers, a special staircase was ladder, which will help to overcome a rather complicated rise. But during the time when strong winds blow, the staircase fully removes. Tourists can only rely on the fortress and endurance of their feet.
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Fantastic landscape opens for those who decided to explore amazing place From paraglider or deltaplan. During the flight, the scale and greatness of sand formations are visible. Athletes who live in a nearby town are arranged competitions, finding out who can make the longest flight over the dune.
Inspect the beauty of an amazing dune best in the morning. Closer to the afternoon guests come from various countries. The surface is covered by human silhouettes, and a little fading untouched beauty of a small desert.
Photo 8. 
Among the sights of France, the sand dune in Pile has a special value. A piece of desert in Europe reminds guests that everyone in this world is very closely intertwined. And the destruction or destruction of one site of the territory will certainly lead to the seizure of its other natural community.
Photo 9. 
The best time to visit Dunes saw - up to ten in the morning, when you can still find loose parking spaces and relatively deserted landscapes of sandy hills and the picturesque Arcachon Bay. Tens of cars and buses come here, tens of cars and buses come here - and walks in the sands at this time are unlikely to be secluded. Every year more than one million guests are visited annually.
The throat of the Arcachon Bay is busy dozens oyster farmwhose products go straight into local restaurants. Therefore, going down to watch the dunes dunes saw, bow to the time to visit the coastal cafes and tasting of French seafood.
Photo 10. 
How to get
The dune saw is located 60 kilometers south-west of Bordeaux. If you are traveling by car, you can reach the Arcachon Bay in the A63 and A660 highways. When leaving Bordeaux, follow the A63. After about 24 kilometers on the junction, turn right on the A660 track. Continue on the motorway at about 20 kilometers before the Congress on the N250. After four kilometers, turn on the D259 road, following the pointers on Biscarrosse / Dune du Pyla.
Also get to Dune saw from the resort town of Arcashon (Arcachon), located 8 kilometers to the north. When leaving Arcachon towards the dunes, follow the signs for BD de La Côte d'Argent. Next, continue moving along the picturesque highway D218 passing along the bay. You can leave the car on a special free parking located on the northeastern dune tip.
Bus message connects Arcashon from Dune saw. Buses depart from morning to late evening from urban railway station. Time on the way is less than half an hour. In addition, there are many rolling offices in Arcachon, where you can rent bicycles for several hours, a day or a few days. Going on a pleasant bike trip along the bay, do not forget about the strong winds characteristic of the Atlantic coast.
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(Dune du Pilat), located near the town of Arcashon.
This is the highest dune in Europe, its constantly changing height is from 110 to 130 meters. From the satellite dune looks like this.
And this is a view of the entire three-kilometer dune from the quadcopter (from Wikipedia).
The dune of the beginning of about 4 thousand years ago: under the influence of the Biscay Bay storm winds, slying sand Began to fit and gradually move towards nearby settlements.
Where did the sand taken from there? Weathered and water bay destroyed mountain ridges The central pyrenees, the stone turned into the sand, which was carried away by rivers in the sea, and her tides (there are tides and lowers), returned the sand back. The wind from the bay of drowned the sand towards the sushi, there were forests on the path - the dune grew so.
At some point, Napoleon issued a decree on the dunes in abundance of forests landed - to protect the territories. And it was worth protecting that: the dune and it was advancing and occupied, in the thirties of the last century, she already managed to absorb the whole house, which was very imprudently built not far from her on the way of promotion.
The width of the dunes is about 600 meters, it has a long gently slope from the sea and a fairly steep slope (up to 30 degrees) from the side of the forest.
Here we arrived in the reserve, built with the leeward side of the dune.
The weather was cloudy, periodically flew heavy rainBut we still hoped to rise upstairs.
National Park before Dune. It has a cafe, some convenience, but the cafe, of course, does not work in winter, there are very few tourists in winter, the weather visits does not contribute. But in summer, there is a solid flow of tourists here, and for the year Dune visits about two million people.
That we have already come to the dune. See the center of the frame of the top of a covered tree? So, a few years ago, there was a cafe under this tree. You can imagine at what speed the dune comes.
The rise first is relatively gentle, then it becomes very cool and there you have to go no longer "in the forehead", and towards diagonally: so longer climb, but it is a little easier.
And the situation was, to say honestly, very unfavorable: on the dune, even with a lifting, a very strong wind blew, which threw in the face of the sand. And when we rose upstairs, there the wind was hurricane at all: he practically knocked down and pulled out a smartphone out of his hands: I backed him barely barely.
This is a forest view from the top of the dune.
And this is the form for which we rose upstairs - the Biscai Bay. Well at least one frame managed to do - there it also rained, the setting was somewhat extreme.
In the summer, here, of course, another thing. The wind is very mesmer, and for tourists it is also ladder in 260 steps. Tourists climb up the back of barefoot (sand will be born in any shoes) and then they walk there along the three-kilometer zone of the dune.
Highly interesting place, I am glad that I visited. Well, I will try to somehow come in summer - there must be everything completely different.
I had only been on this. Also very interesting place, but here the dune is much more impressive.
The most real sandy desert can be found in France. This is the famous dune dune. Millions of tons of golden sand, as if by spelling the wizard, moved here from Sahara.
general description
Dune saw - the highest dune in Europe. Its upper point lies at 130 meters. But this value is not constant, strong winds affect, periodically adjusting it in one direction or another.
The sand band has a rather correct rectangular shape. The width of the dune reaches 600 meters, and the length of almost 3 kilometers. The volume of sand is estimated at about 60 million cubic meters. 
By the way, such a sand phenomenon can be observed in Japan. There is about the same desert called Tottori
Where is the dune dune
Geographic coordinates 44.589167, -1.214618
The French desert is located in the village of La Test de Bush (La Test De Buch) in the southwestern part of the country, right on the Atlantic Ocean coast.
This region is known as New Aquitaine, and the area in which the dune is directly located, refer to Girond. Nearest big City Bordeaux 60 kilometers north-east. The dune of the saw is located right at the entrance to the Arcashon Bay. 
Features of dunes Pila
Dune formation
By virtue of their geographic locationIn this area, the Western winds prevail, which endure sand from the coast. This explains the shape of the dune. On the ocean side, it has a gentle slope, but from the opposite side rather steep. That is why the rise on the sandy mountain on the east side is very difficult.
Because of the influx of tourists, there are stairs here in the summer period. Having risen with their help to the top of the hill, you have an impressive look - in the west of the Atlantic Ocean, in the east of pine forests, and when it is clear the weather, then in the south you can see the Pyrenees Mountains on the border with Spain.
Dune traffic
Under the influence of winds, the sand dunes is steadily moving inside the country, slowly absorbing forest, covering at home and roads. The speed of movement is inconsistent. Sometimes it is as many as 10 meters per year, and sometimes less than one meter per year. During the last 57 years, the Dune moved about 280 meters. Thus, its speed amounted to 4.9 meters per year.
Victims of dunes Pila
The movement of the dunes has already absorbed about two dozen houses. Each year, sand covers approximately 8,000 square meters of nearby pine forests.
In the northeastern part of the dunes in 1987, the road was blocked, and in 1991 it was completely buried under the sand layer.
In 1928, in the southeastern part of the dune, a family from Bordeaux built a villa, and in 1936 the whole house disappeared under the sand.
Sand Islands in dunes saw
Just 1 kilometer west of the dune, in the waters of the Atlantic is the sandy island of Ban D'Arguin. It has similar dimensions (4.5 km by 700 meters) and stretched almost parallel to the dune. But behind this island (and again about 1 km to the west) there is another island of Banc du Toulinguet. It is much more modest in size (approximately 700 per 400 meters). Both islands are very popular among travelers. There are always a lot of boats, boats and tourists.
Many names of one dune
On the Internet, guidebooks and tourist brochures you will find several items of this attraction: Dune du Pilat (Dune Pilate), Dune Du Pyla (dune dune), Grande Dune du Pilat (Great Dune Pilate).
Usually outside of France, you use the name of the dune dune, but few know that the official (and therefore the right) name of the landmarks Dune du Pilat (dune pilat). At least this name is used in all official French documents. It is derived from the Gasconian word "Pilhat", which means "bunch" or "mound".
The seaside resort of Pyla Sur Mer, founded in 1920 and being part of La Test De Buch, extends north of the dune. The first part of his name and led to confusion in the names.
Despite official name Dunes, pointers on the roads are found with different names. You, most importantly, do not confuse and do not worry, they all lead both the same place.
- The dune dune was quite famous and visited by the landmark of France. Annually, her verakhan storm over a million tourists
- On January 24, 2009, during a storm on a dune saw, the maximum wind speed was recorded 175 km / h. As a result, the storm dune was significantly damaged
- Due to strong winds in the Dune area, there are ideal conditions for flights on paraglids. This is enjoyed by numerous lovers of this entertainment.